Etymological Dictionary of Old French (DEAF)

Dictionary of the Etymology of Old French (DEAF)

We mourn the loss of our longtime colleague and dear friend Thomas Städtler, who passed away on June 3, 2024, at the age of 66.

You can find our obituary here.

DEAF

The DEAF is a basic dictionary of Old French covering the period from 842 to the mid-14th century. The entries are arranged alphabetically by word families and are compiled according to strict philological principles (Ad fontes!). For more information, please see our brief description. The entire corpus of Old French literature, which is cataloged in the separately published Complément bibliographique, serves as the basis. The publication is available online in DEAFél (DEAF électronique) as well as in print in volumes of 192 columns. We leave the assessment of the work accomplished to others; here, we content ourselves with presenting a few exemplary results that illustrate the encyclopedic aspects of the work.

Duration: 1984 to 2021

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DEAFél

DEAFBiblél

About the Project

The DEAF is a basic dictionary of Old French. It is part of the long European tradition of humanities research in general and lexicography in particular, in which the German-speaking world plays a significant role. The DEAF covers the period from 842 (the date of the Strasbourg alliance between Louis the German and Charles the Bald against Lothair I, recorded in Old High German and Old French) to the mid-14th century (the boundary marking the transition to Middle French, based on philological and social criteria).

All available materials are analyzed: dictionaries, glossaries, and literary and non-literary texts. The card index currently contains 1.5 million cards, which refer to approximately 12 million examples. From this vast corpus, the DEAF presents all Old French words along with all their meanings, organizing them according to the dictionary’s entry structure. The DEAF is published as a book and online as DEAFél; it is made available in a scholarly, in-depth format asDEAFplus, and as a digitized and pre-structured collection of materials inDEAFpré. The cited materials are cataloged in the DEAF bibliography, which lists all texts, manuscripts, and editions, classifies them within the history of belles-lettres and scholarly literature, dates them, locates them, and critically evaluates their quality. Since Old French has been well preserved, the sheer volume of sources is virtually overwhelming.

The DEAF is an etymological dictionary, which means it explains the origin of words, the evolution of their meanings, and their continued use. To clarify these connections, the vocabulary is organized into families. The entry word in each case is the Old French word that developed directly from the etymon. The presentation of etymology includes related languages, such as the continued existence of the etymon in other Romance languages or borrowings from Old French into German (example: Galopp and galoppieren).

Bible moralisé, Vienna Manuscript 2554, ca. 1225, f. 60vb

First illustration of a gooseberry bush

Each meaning of a word is captured in a definition. This is structured in the traditional phrastic manner: a general term is narrowed down through defining characteristics until its scope of meaning is clear. For example, gravoire is not merely defined as “stylet” (i.e., “stylus”), but as “petit stylet dont on se servait pour faire la raie” (“small stylus used to part the hair”). Each definition is illustrated by one or more contexts, which are not copied from dictionaries but are generally taken from primary sources (Ad fontes!). No matter how precise a definition may be, it only comes to life through a well-chosen context (cf. the practice of the Duden). This is particularly true for a dictionary of a bygone era, since we can hardly develop an active feel for older stages of the language. The context can often provide additional information not included in the definition (e.g., that the hairpin in question may be made of ivory or bone). You can find a typical DEAF entry here:

DEAF_flat.pdf

Here, the dictionary enters the realm of the encyclopedia—an aspect that is particularly important for a historical dictionary. The contexts and explicit factual information in each individual entry enhance the DEAF’s value for the entire field of medieval studies. This is also why the dictionary does not primarily cite the oldest context, but rather the one or ones that are most meaningful for illustrating the meaning and for the encyclopedic content, e.g., gibeline “sable,” ce sunt gibeline et ermin... e mantes autres chieres bestes (Marco Polo): Sable and ermine were expensive furs at the end of the 13th century.

Paris BN fr. 1548 f°14r°: a man traveling around the world

Encyclopedic text from the year 1246

Since 2008, the DEAF editorial team, in collaboration with the Karlsruhe Institute for Program Structures and Data Organization, has been developing an electronic editorial and publication system (DEAF Dictionary Writing System – DEAF-DWS). In view of the remaining project duration, a two-stage approach was adopted: the letters D, E, and F—which, for reasons of intellectual history, constitute the “black hole” of Gallo-Roman lexicography—are being lexicographically cataloged largely in the customary manner. The results will be published both in print and online. In parallel, all materials for the letters A–C and L–Z will be lemmatized and assigned a rough semantic structure in order to preserve the data already compiled for these sections of the alphabet in the long term and make it accessible for further lexicographical processing. These pre-structured materials will be published exclusively in electronic form as DEAFpré. In addition to time savings—particularly in the classification and structuring of materials—and convenient search options, computer-assisted editing and publication offer, for the first time, the opportunity to make the scholarly resources developed by DEAF accessible to a broad audience while simultaneously storing them in a format suitable for long-term digital archiving.

A user interface for the DEAF-DWS article editing system

Old French spans the period from 842 to the mid-14th century, an era that is fundamental to the European present. Of central importance in this regard are above all the cultural and social transformations in the context of the Renaissance of the 12th and 13th centuries: Based on ancient scholarship and enriched by Islamic and Jewish scholars, an Enlightenment spirit initially emerged in France, evolving into a science critical of dogma, which spread throughout Europe and led to the birth of universities. It was here that the shift from a clerical culture to a lay culture—commonly attributed to the age of Humanism—began. Developments in other areas of European culture during the 12th and 13th centuries can also be understood through the concept of the translatio studii from Greco-Roman antiquity to the French Middle Ages: The rapid development of the sciences finds parallels, for example, in the flourishing of vernacular literature and the emergence of the chansons de geste, in the golden age of Romanesque art and the birth of the Gothic style, as well as in the revival of Roman law as the foundation of the European legal system.

In addition to Medieval Latin, the primary linguistic medium of the socio-cultural transformations described was Old French, the most influential vernacular language of the European Middle Ages. The number and geographical origin of the surviving sources give an impression of the historical significance of Old French: its corpus comprises many thousands of texts originating not only from France but also from England, Cyprus, and the Holy Land, where French was the language of rule for centuries. The prestige of Old French is further evident in an extensive Franco-Italian literary tradition—for example, the Venetian Marco Polo recounts his travels in Old French—and in its influence on alloglot literary traditions: Thus, the most important representatives of Middle High German classical literature (Wolfram von Eschenbach, Hartmann von Aue, and Gottfried von Straßburg) adapted French models in their novels. The commentaries of Rashi and his disciples from the 11th to the 13th century, which contain many thousands of Old French glosses, are still preserved today in all major Jewish editions of the Bible.

Die historische Lexikographie leistet einen zentralen Beitrag zur Erforschung der kulturellen Grundlagen Europas und somit zu einem besseren Verstehen unserer gegenwärtigen Lebenswelt, indem sie den Wortschatz als Schlüssel zum kulturellen Gedächtnis Europas begreift und auf diese Weise zur ganzheitlichen Integration historisch-kulturellen Wissens beiträgt. Das Altfranzösische erscheint aufgrund seiner zentralen Bedeutung für das europäische Mittelalter als Dreh- und Angelpunkt eines solchen Forschungsansatzes besonders geeignet. Gleichzeitig erfordert der interdisziplinäre Anspruch einer als Teil einer umfassenden Kulturwissenschaft verstandenen historischen Lexikographie die Integration philologischer Nachbarfächer – Mittellatein, Germanistik, Semitistik, Judaistik etc. – sowie die Einbeziehung der Geschichtswissenschaft, insbesondere der geistesgeschichtlichen und realienkundlichen historischen Disziplinen, wie etwa Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Ideengeschichte und Mentalitätsgeschichte. Durch die Erhellung der Dynamik von Sprache und außersprachlicher Kultur im Kontext des europäischen Mittelalters kann die historische Lexikographie des Altfranzösischen dem Erkenntnisziel eines historisch fundierten Verstehens und Bewertens unserer gegenwärtigen Lebenswelt gerecht werden.<

Heidelberg Cod. Pal. lat. 1969

The devil in a manuscript (ca. 1375) of Guillaume de Digulleville's Pelerinage de Vie humaine

Hardos is one of those rather unassuming articles in Volume H that nevertheless serves as an excellent illustration of the DEAF’s defining characteristics: scientific rigor, innovation, and efficiency. It is precisely because of its simple structure that this example is so clear and compelling.

Hardos does not appear in any of the dictionaries written in the 20th century, nor is it found in those by Lacurne (1875–1882) and Godefroy (1880–1902). It appears in Henschel’s 1850 supplements to Dom Carpentier’s glossary (1766), following Du Cange (1678). The source of the entry is given as “Roman de Roncevaux, p. 44,” which is not very informative, since this title can refer to several different texts. The text in question can ultimately be identified as a version of the Song of Roland in the Châteauroux manuscript; our word—if it indeed exists—does not, therefore, come from some dusty document of dubious standing, but, as one may safely say once again, from one of the manuscripts of the famous Song of Roland, a masterpiece of French and European literature. The most scientifically reliable edition of this text by Foerster (1883) contains no glossary, and the two verses cited by Henschel do not reveal the broader context of the scene in which “hardos” is supposed to appear, leaving no other option but to skim through the text.

The result justifies the effort: the word does indeed appear in this manuscript of the text. Since Henschel did not define *hardos*, the word must now be subjected to a semantic and etymological analysis. A reading of the broader context, familiarity with the complete work, and a comparison with related manuscripts in which the reading “ardos” appears make it clear that this must be a qualifying adjective used to describe an abyss or a deep well. The etymological trail, based on the one hand on a well-established form and on the other on a reasonably clear semantic concept, leads to the Latin arduus, meaning “steep, arduous,” which was the subject of an article by Gilles Roques in the revised edition of the French Etymological Dictionary (FEW). The identification of the word yields initial results and raises further questions: hardos is the oldest representative of the entire family in the Gallo-Roman linguistic area, and the ending stands alone (attested only once more in a Neo-Provençal word that is certainly independent): is our form the result of a hereditary development or a derivation? Has the Latin suffix -uus actually disappeared without leaving a trace except in a few scholarly loanwords (including, notably, ardu)? The relevant articles in the FEW as well as the morphological studies consulted provide no answer.

As far as the literary aspect is concerned, our text reveals a deliberate departure from the fairy-tale and magical elements in the development of the various versions of the Song of Roland. In the archaic Oxford Roland, the title character tries in vain to break Durendal, his holy sword; as he lies dying, he finally hides it beneath his body so that it does not fall into the hands of the enemy pagans. The author or editor of the Châteauroux Roland, on the other hand, considers it more appropriate to have the holy sword disappear forever into a poisoned abyss inaccessible to humans. This should be understood as an indication of a shift in mentality: as a child of his time, the 13th-century author views the world somewhat more realistically than the author from the turn of the 11th to the 12th century. This realism—though still far removed from modernity—may have inspired him to make the change.

The question remains: is it worth sacrificing several hours of a researcher’s life for such a word? On the one hand, it must be said, the question cannot be posed in this way, for after all, it is the researcher’s stated mission to serve the advancement of knowledge and science to the best of their ability: any other stance would contradict the scientific self-image and amount to a waste of resources. On the other hand, and while acknowledging the validity of the question, it is the results themselves that must provide the answer—results that arise almost inevitably within the framework of pure and serious research. In the case of hardos, this means: an obscure word from a neglected source has been located and identified; through the newly discovered oldest member of a word family, the younger representatives of this family appear in a different light; the discussion of a morphological question can be revitalized; the understanding of an important text is enhanced by considerations of the history of mentalities—a small piece has been added to the mosaic that constitutes the picture of our past. It seems a rich harvest for such a small word, and proof that research is always worthwhile, even with such unassuming words as hardos.

“Neither the human soul nor the human mind has demonstrably grown in historical times; their capacities were already fully developed long ago! Therefore, our presumption that we live in an age of moral progress is utterly ridiculous when compared to past eras, whose unbridled power of the ideal will soars toward the heavens in a hundred soaring cathedrals.”
[Jacob Burckhardt, Reflections on World History]

It has been about 150 years since Jacob Burckhardt made this statement. Yet the prejudice against the “Dark Ages” persists. The following examples are intended to illustrate this and, at the same time, demonstrate how the analysis of medieval texts can lead to new interpretations not only in terms of language but also in terms of academic and historical context.

botany

Interdisciplinarity in Vicious circle:

Paleoethnobotany dates the gooseberry to the 12th century. The French word for gooseberry (and currant), groseille, is similarly dated by lexicographers. This consistency inspires confidence. However, an examination of the sources reveals that the botanists did not base their conclusions on excavations, illustrations, or similar evidence, but rather on the dating of the French word groseille! Their date, the 12th century, is therefore worthless. Research shows that from the 9th to the 12th century, the word referred to the buckthorn, and only from the 13th century onward to the gooseberry. The DEAF incidentally mentions the first illustration of a gooseberry bush: *Bible moralisée*, manuscript Vienna 2554, ca. 1225, f°60v°b.

Bibliotheca Viennensis 2554

Illustration of a gooseberry bush, Bible moralisée, Ms. Vienna 2554 f°60v°b [ca. 1225]

astronomy

What we know:

“In the West, however, there was virtually no development in astronomy during the same period [i.e., the Middle Ages]. Moreover, for a long time, the Earth was once again regarded as flat.” (dtv Atlas of Astronomy 15)

This view is a scientific myth from the 19th and 20th centuries that continues to persist in the 21st century.

What the Middle Ages Tell Us:

Image of the World, Encyclopedic text from 1246 (Manuscript Paris BN fr. 1548 f°14r°): homme qui va entour le monde (Caption accompanying the illustration: Man walking around the world)

Introduction to Astronomy, a treatise on astronomy from the year 1270. Chapter IV 2: and for this reason the world was created in such a spherical shape (= the shape of a ball), for they say that this is the form that most closely resembles perfection, since in roundness there is neither end nor beginning. (And so the Earth was created round with the characteristic of a globe (in the shape of a sphere), since that is the form that comes closest to perfection, for in roundness there is neither beginning nor end.) [Ed. Stephen Dörr]

National Library of Paris

A Man Travels Around the World (Hs. Paris BN fr. 1548, f°14r° [1246])

Grammar

What we know:

“It can be said that at the beginning of the 16th century, there was no French grammar.” (C. Demaiziere, *French Grammar in the 16th Century: The Picard Grammarians*, Paris 1983, p. 29)

What the Middle Ages Tell Us:

The beginning of the Old French adaptation of Ars minor by Donat (Manuscript Berner Burgerbibliothek 439, f°76r°, 2nd half of the 13th century):

How many parts of speech are there? Eight, etc. Nouns and participles govern and are governed. Pronouns are governed and do not govern. (How many parts of speech are there? Eight, etc. Nouns and participles govern and are governed. Pronouns are governed and do not govern. [Ed. Thomas Städtler])

The *Grand Larousse de la Langue Française* (1973), vol. 3, p. 2273b, cites the *Encyclopédie* (1757) as the earliest attestation of *gouverner* (“to govern”) in a grammatical context.

Berne City Library

Grammar in Donatus' Ars minor, Bern Civic Library 439, f°76r°, 2nd half of the 13th century

mathematics

What we know:

“Apart from isolated, often random instances of transmission, the picture of European learning in the field of material culture is equally bleak,” writes the FAZ on November 4, 1992, noting a general “ignorance of highly developed Arabic mathematics” during the Middle Ages.

What the Middle Ages Tell Us:

From Jean de Murs Quadripartitorum numerorum from the year 1343: I again multiplied the sixth root of a certain number by its fifth root, added ten times that number, and added the number 20, and all these were equal to the square of that number. What is the number?

When written as an equation, this becomes:

√ 6x √ 5x + 10x + 20 = x²

From the Praktike de geometrie (3rd quarter of the 13th century): Calculation of the area of a circumscribed circle in an equilateral triangle with a side length of 14 feet: If you draw a circle inside the triangle as large as you can, it will have a circumference of 50 feet and a quarter of a foot, and seven-tenths of a quarter of a foot.

Result: 50 2/7 square feet.

medicine

What we know:

“After Galen [late 2nd century], anatomical studies were no longer conducted. Autopsies were once again condemned as repulsive and cruel and deemed unnecessary. The Christian belief in the resurrection of the body may have reinforced this resistance to anatomy. The Western Middle Ages had virtually no knowledge of Galen’s anatomical writings.” (Der Neue Pauly. Encyclopedia of Antiquity, Anatomy [Preprint 1996])

What the Middle Ages Tell Us:

Gui de Chauliac’s description of the cadaver dissections performed by Mondino dei Luzzi and Niccolò Bertruccio in Bologna since 1315 is clear enough: “according to what Master Dimus of Bologna has written on this subject and has performed the dissection many times.” And my teacher, Master Bertuces, in this manner would place the dead man on a bench and give four lessons: the organs nourished by blood, the organs nourished by the spirit, the organs that possess a soul. In the fourth lesson, he dealt with the extremities (according to Master Dimus of Bologna, who has written about this and performed autopsies many times. My teacher, Master Bertuces, placed the dead person on a bench and taught four lessons: the organs nourished by blood and spirit, the organs that possess a soul. In the fourth lesson, he discussed the extremities [Ed. Sabine Tittel].

Montpellier Medical School Library

Autopsy in the manuscript of Grande Chirurgie by Gui de Chauliac, Bibliothèque Fac. Méd. Montpellier H 184 f°15v° (second third of the 15th century)

Conclusion

The variety of perspectives and examples may bring to mind a kaleidoscope. Beautiful individual pieces tumble about, creating ever-changing, captivating images. But appearances can be deceiving. The DEAF does not see itself as a kaleidoscope, but as a mosaic. Each stone is crafted with the utmost scientific precision; one is structurally identical to the next. It is a vast puzzle that comes together to form a picture conveying a vivid, historically accurate impression of an important era in Europe. The DEAF’s dictionary structure is the window that opens up a view of the Middle Ages.

What People Are Saying About DEAF

David Trotter, Romanische Forschungen 123 (2011), pp. 287–290 [288–289]:

“In a scholarly landscape where long-term projects are struggling, it is reassuring to see that the DEAF has not run out of steam. Credit is due not only to the editors and the scholarly committee, but also to the Heidelberg Academy, which supports them. [...] This volume lives up to its predecessors and only serves to underscore the importance of the DEAF, particularly in two respects: with regard to the historical lexicography of French, but also for its exemplary role in lexicographical methodology. Anyone wishing to learn how to compile a dictionary will benefit greatly from reading the DEAF. [...]

“Old French was not only an exporter but also an importer of words (many of which would later be adopted by neighboring languages). It played a vital role in the transmission of knowledge and as a language of culture throughout the educated world of the time. For those familiar with it, the DEAF has become the essential key to accessing and understanding that world.”

Ralph Dutli, Literary Echo:

In a postscript to his essay “Flying Donkeys. The Impossible Poetry of Fatrasies,” which concludes the volume of his Fatrasie translations, Ralph Dutli writes: “Another stroke of luck: When I moved from Paris to Heidelberg in 1994, I had no idea that I was also moving to a city where Old French, so to speak, maintained a diplomatic mission. It is in Heidelberg, of all places, that the DEAF (‘Dictionnaire Etymologique de l'Ancien Français’) is being created—an admirable undertaking to document all Old French words in terms of their meaning and etymology. A team of five (Stephen Dörr, Marc Kiwitt, Frankwalt Möhren, Thomas Städtler, Sabine Tittel) is engaged with this silent cathedral made entirely of words. When even the air along the Neckar is allowed to buzz with Old French words, the journey to the Fatrasien is not far-fetched, the journey to the River Scarpe, which flows through Arras. Poetry is the river that unites all rivers beyond space and time. A message to friends: Scarpe diem, Neck-Arras.” (Ralph Dutli, Fatrasien. Absurd Poetry of the Middle Ages, 2010, p.138)

Gilles Roques, “Typology of Glossaries in Editions of Medieval French Texts,” Doctoral Seminar No. 1: Languages and Glossaries, Liège, May 17, 2010 (Eurolab: Dynamics of Vernacular Languages in Renaissance Europe. Actors and Places), pp. 6–7. Available online at eurolab.meshs.fr):

"[...] The fact is that the author of a glossary must also be familiar with the issues in lexicology. In this regard, reliable guides are needed, and, proceeding from the principle that a good lexicologist is a dead lexicologist, I will cite three names whose works are constantly on my mind: Lecoy 1984 and 1988, Henry 1960 and 1996, and Baldinger 1990. As for living scholars, I will cite Möhren 1986 and Städtler 1988, pillars of the monumental Dictionnaire étymologique de l’ancien français (DEAF), which is driving the revival of studies on the Old French lexicon, Trotter 2005, who leads the remarkable The Anglo-Norman Dictionary (AND), and Matsumura 1999, who is an excellent expert on our ancient texts and regionalisms.”

Giovanni Palumbo, Medioevo Romanzo 33 (2009), p. 230:

“As usual, the various entries contain, scattered here and there, veritable micro-essays on philology, which serve as a sort of ongoing review of all the standard critical editions.”

David Trotter, Romanische Forschungen 121 (2009), pp. 550–552:

“No one understands better than dictionary editors that, despite their status and authority, dictionaries are never definitive. For some time now, however, the DEAF has been defying this rule, evolving over the years and through its volumes into a work that is virtually definitive—and in any case, unrivaled and irreplaceable. The first three volumes of J demonstrate once again why. First, a well-coordinated and well-trained team. [...] Second, the rigor and perhaps above all the intellectual honesty that have long characterized the DEAF. [...] Third (or first...) guarantee of quality: the thoroughness of the work on the texts (ad fontes), whether to verify the meaning of an attestation or to enrich the articles. [...] A fourth aspect of the DEAF worth highlighting: a constant and commendable commitment to innovation. [...] Finally, the fifth strength: a visibly close and effective collaboration with other lexicographical projects and with other researchers. [...] The typographical presentation is excellent; the binding has withstood the winds of the beaches of the Côtes d’Armor (formerly: the North), where we read these three fascicles. At the library, too, the DEAF is highly recommended to specialists in the French language, whether they are medievalists or not, for, as we have already noted, it is a dictionary that retraces with great expertise not only the history of the Old French lexicon, but of the French language itself.”

Gilles Roques, “Lexicographical Tools and Lexical Materials in the Field of Medieval French,” in: Maria Colombo and Monica Barsi (eds.), Historical Lexicography and Lexicology of French: Assessments and Perspectives, Monza (Polimetrica) 2008, pp. 25–50 [30]:

“Continued and perfected by one of Baldinger’s students, F. Möhren, who has just been succeeded by a student of both, Th. Städtler, it constitutes a superb philological achievement in German scholarship, written in French, at a time when German scholarship had, in fact, abandoned the field of philology—at least as far as French is concerned.”

Philippe Ménard, Journal of Romance Philology 123 (2007), pp. 361–354 [364]:

“We owe a great deal of gratitude to editors for the remarkable perseverance they demonstrate. As they slowly comb through old texts, they uncover, hidden in the shadows, words and meanings that had eluded readers who were too skilled and too hurried. Beneath the dust of the centuries, they find gold.”

Robert Martin, Romania 123 (2005), pp. 236–238:

“The compilation of the DEAF continues with a rigor worthy of the highest praise. Following G and H (and the corresponding indexes), the letter I has now been completed and work on the letter J is well underway. The approach remains unchanged: one is struck by the wealth of documentation and the exemplary precision with which it has been handled.”

Philippe Ménard, Journal of Romance Philology 120 (2004), pp. 544–547:

“This volume shares the same characteristics as the previous ones: extensive research into the sources themselves, with a focus on manuscripts in difficult cases, corrections of dates and meanings, attention paid to the earliest attested instances, extensive information on spellings, discussion of earlier interpretations, analysis of technical texts, deliberate search for rare words and isolated usages, corrections made to the FEW, and significant contributions, particularly in this volume, to the vocabulary of 14th-century scholarly texts.”

David Trotter, A Companion to Ancrene Wisse (2003), p. 89:

“The groundbreaking *Dictionnaire Etymologique de l'Ancien Français* (DEAF) in Heidelberg (1971–) contains, in its richly detailed discussions of etymology, usage, and semantics, by far the most comprehensive treatment of the lexicon of medieval French that has yet been attempted. It is gratifying to note that Anglo-French is fully integrated into this most impressive dictionary.”

Gilles Roques, Revue de Linguistique romane 65 (2001), p. 272:

“The dedicated team at DEAF continues to pick up the pace, which bodes well for its future—a future to which more and more of us are becoming deeply committed [...] The approach is spot-on, and we’re already looking forward to the first issue of I, which is currently in press.”

David Trotter, French Studies 55 (2001), pp. 582–83 [582]:

“The publication of the final volume of the DEAF’s ‘H’ is of major significance not only for those working on French (both modern and medieval), but also for the history of the influence of the Germanic languages (English, Dutch, and various forms of German) on French. [...] By any standard, the DEAF is a remarkable dictionary, and these four fascicles (an index is to follow) confirm the depth and breadth of its analysis. [...] What the DEAF provides is nothing less than a complete, meticulously detailed rewriting of the history of French vocabulary [...].»

Remo Bracchi, Salesianum 63 (2001), pp. 419–20:

“This volume [=H3] contains masterful analyses, whether from the perspective of the philological reconstruction of the forms that have been handed down, the outline of their semantic features, or etymological comparison. Historical erudition and linguistic acumen come together to produce articles that are in their own right monographs.”

Takeshi Matsumura, Language, Information, Text 7 (2000), pp. 89–94 [94]:

“While we wait for the next installment, we’ll have to read and reread this issue of DEAF, which the team led by Frankwalt Möhren has produced with exemplary attention to detail.”

Takeshi Matsumura, Revue de Linguistique romane 62 (1998), pp. 265 ff.:

“Here we find the fruits of their labor, which has become a tradition: in-depth reflection on etymology (see hardi¹, etc.), precision regarding the evolution of usage, critical analysis of sources [...], identification of a primary meaning underlying the various occurrences [...], examination of hapax legomena. When one considers the small number of editors, one cannot help but admire the accelerated pace, which in a sense seems like a race against time. [...] The DEAF, which must be read and reread constantly, deserves the “selfless assistance” of “researchers and language enthusiasts.”»

Franz Lebsanft, Revue de Linguistique romane 62 (1998), pp. 262 ff.:

“We are grateful to its meticulous editors, who deserve great credit for providing an overview of a field that is so fundamental to the history of the French language and constantly evolving—through the expansion and refinement of source materials as well as shifts in scholarly perspectives—and for setting the standard for all future projects in historical lexicography.”

May Plouzeau, Revue des Langues romanes 101 (1997), pp. 237 ff.:

"... In short, the brilliance of this new dictionary puts all its predecessors to shame. It goes without saying that the content is worthy of such a presentation, and there is no doubt about it: the dictionary has found its rhythm; the work breathes with the vitality of a healthy being, and within this living organism, the head and the limbs harmoniously share the tasks."

Jean-Pierre Chambon, Journal of Romance Philology 107 (1991), pp. 179–181 [181]:

“It goes without saying that, as it stands, the DEAF is and remains at the forefront of French lexicography and lexicology, within which it has carved out a unique niche and plays an extremely stimulating role.”

Jean-Pierre Chambon, Journal of Romance Philology 105 (1989), pp. 532–535 [533]:

“The facts are established with truly exemplary rigor, the analyses are meticulously conducted, and nothing is ever left in the dark. It must be said—or reiterated—here that the DEAF is not merely what its title suggests: it is also the finest model for describing the lexicon of a medieval Romance language. [...] In short, this is a major contribution to Romance lexicology.”

Johannes Kramer, Journal of French Language and Literature 99 (1989), pp. 291–293 [293]:

“The most significant benefit of the etymological commentary in the DEAF is undoubtedly that it documents the current state of the discussion and thus represents the much-needed update of the relevant entries in the FEW after several decades. The DEAF thus puts a stop, so to speak, to the FEW becoming outdated [...].

Hans Dieter Bork, Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 87 (1975), pp. 102–109 [106]:

“The DEAF does not merely compile unverified material from other sources, but verifies it—in some cases down to the manuscript level—and increasingly draws on its own excerpts.”

Max Pfister, Journal of Romance Philology 91 (1975), pp. 176–188 [187–188]:

In addition to its substantial contribution to the two standard works on Old French, *Gdf* and *TL*, the *DEAF* will become indispensable for all medievalists thanks to its outstanding philological and etymological commentary, which lays a new foundation for Old French lexicology and textual criticism. [...] The methodological approach adopted, the clear layout of the publication, and the pace of work and publication demonstrated thus far are exemplary. In the interest of the continued continuation of this research, one can only hope that the necessary funding for this important foundational work will continue to be available.

Honor for Frankwalt Möhren

Highest Honor for Frankwalt Möhren"> On March 23, 2018, Frankwalt Möhren was elected an Associé étranger de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres (AIBL).
He thus holds one of the 40 seats reserved for associés étrangers in this oldest French learned society, founded in 1663.

Heidelberg Lexicographical Months

As part of the "Heidelberg Lexicographical Months," the DEAF offers young researchers a four-month internship during which they receive an introduction to lexicographical and textual-critical methods.

Maud Becker, Stephen Dörr, Marcus Husar, Sabine Tittel, David Moos, Thomas Städtler

Presentation for the Glossary of the Patois of French-speaking Switzerland

On September 12, 2018, Sabine Tittel gave a presentation in Neuchâtel as part of the "Inauguration of the Glossaire des Patois de la Suisse Romande website." In her talk, titled "Recent Developments in the Electronic DEAF Toward the Semantic Web as Linked Open Data," Ms. Tittel outlined the possibilities for converting dictionary data into the RDF graph format.

Presentation for the workshop organized by the Union of German Academies of Sciences and Humanities

On October 9, 2018, in Leipzig, Sabine Tittel participated in the workshop “(Digital) Forms of Publication” organized by the eHumanities Working Group of the Union of German Academies of Sciences and Humanities and gave a presentation titled “The Use of RDFa for Linking the Online Edition and Online Dictionary of Medieval French.”

Presentation at the Euralex 2018 Conference

On July 18, 2018, a presentation was given in Ljubljana as part of the EuraLex International Congress, titled "Historical Corpus and Historical Dictionary: Merging Two Ongoing Projects on Old French by Integrating Their Editing Systems." The publication can be found here.

Lecture as part of the European Master of Lexicography (EMLex) 2018

On March 23, 2018, Sabine Tittel gave a lecture on the DEAF at the University of Lorraine in Nancy as part of the European Master of Lexicography ( EMLex 2018 ) program: "People, Paper, Online, Ongoing. The Dictionnaire étymologique de l'Ancien Français (DEAF) and its place in eLexicography."

Workshop on RomaniO

On March 19 and 20, 2018, Academy of Sciences and Humanities workshop on the research project "RomaniO – Ontology of the Worlds of Life and Knowledge in the Romance-speaking Middle Ages Based on Transversal Case Studies in Law, Medicine, and Astronomy" took place at the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities . The DEAF, under the direction of Sabine Tittel, organized this workshop, which was funded by the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. It brought together around 20 experts from the disciplines of French, Occitan, Gascon, and Italian philology as well as applied computational linguistics (from Germany, Italy, and Switzerland). The participants delivered keynote presentations on various topics, which led to fruitful discussions. The interdisciplinary brainstorming session enabled the planned RomaniO research project to be further developed in terms of both structure and content.

Blog post for The Value of Old French Project

For the ERC project *The Value of Old French*, based at King’s College London and funded by the European Research Council with 1.7 million pounds, Stephen Dörr and Marcus Husar have written a blog post outlining the computer-assisted processing of the vocabulary and their collaboration with the DEAF. You can find the text here.

Workshop "Research Data in the Humanities: Methods for Digital Collection, Processing, and Presentation" organized by the eHumanities Working Group of the Union of German Academies of Sciences and Humanities, October 18–20, 2017

Sabine Tittel participated in the workshop "Humanities Research Data. Methods for Digital Collection, Processing, and Presentation," organized by the eHumanities Working Group of the Union of German Academies of Sciences and Humanities, held in Mainz from October 18–20, 2017, and delivered a presentation titled "Transforming the DEAF into Linked Open Data with OntoLex-Lemon," which sparked a lively discussion.

From June 26–30, 2017, Sabine Tittel participated in the “2nd Summer Datathon on Linguistic Linked Open Data (SD-LLOD-17),” which was organized by the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid in Cercedilla, Spain. The scientific directors were Jorge Gracia (Ontology Engineering Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid), John Philip McCrae (Insight Centre for Data Analytics, NUI Galway), and Christian Chiarcos (ACoLi - Goethe University Frankfurt). The workshop aimed to train participants in Semantic Web / Linguistic Linked Data technologies, primarily the OntoLex-lemon model and NLP Interchange Format (NIF). The largest and most important part of the event was the actual “datathon,” which consisted of working on individual projects using participants’ own data in “mini projects.” Sabine Tittel led one of seven projects: "Linking Corpus and Dictionary Data with Linked Open Data." The goal was to use "Linked Open Data" technologies to link the "word in the text corpus" with the "word in the dictionary" in such a way that this link could, on the one hand, replace the role of the glossary in the text edition and, on the other hand, allow the data obtained in this way to be accessed on the Semantic Web via search queries. Of the 30 participants in total, five were part of the team, whose success was rewarded when 66% of all participants voted the project the “Datathon Best Mini Project Award” at the end of the event. Pictures of the week are posted on Twitter: #sdllod17.

Workshop “Reuse and Reusability of Research in the Academies Program,” November 9–11, 2016

From November 9–11, 2016, our editor Sabine Tittel participated in the workshop “Reuse and Reusability of Research in the Academies Program” organized by the “eHumanities” working group of the North Rhine-Westphalian Academy of Sciences and Humanities the Arts in Düsseldorf, where she delivered a presentation titled “Dictionnaire étymologique de l’ancien français: Reusability of the DEAF’s Working Environment and Research Data.”

Summer School in Klagenfurt, September 11–16, 2016

The 2016 Summer School on the Edition of Medieval Texts took place in Klagenfurt under the direction of Stephen Dörr (DEAF Heidelberg), Franz Lebsanft (Bonn), Richard Trachsler (Zurich), Raymund Wilhelm (Klagenfurt), and Fabio Zinelli (Paris), and was primarily aimed at master’s students, doctoral candidates, and postdoctoral researchers. The morning sessions covered the theory and practice of ecdotics, while the afternoon “workshops” focused on producing a text edition with the aim of publishing it.

28th International Congress of Romance Linguistics and Philology

From July 18–23, 2016, the 28th International Congress of Romance Linguistics and Philology took place in Rome, at which the DEAF was well represented. Thomas Städtler, together with Stefano Asperti, chaired the section "Latin and Romance Languages." Sabine Tittel and Martin Gleßgen gave a presentation on “Le Dictionnaire de l’ancien gascon électronique – DAGél,” and Stephen Dörr contributed a paper on “Le Roman de la Rose – exemple prototypique de diasystèmes entre tradition manuscrite et imprimés.” Our doctoral students Laura Henkelmann and Theresa Schmitt gave a presentation on the topic “Between Astronomy and Geomancy – The Contribution of Medieval Latin to the Understanding of Scientific Texts.”

Medieval Day 2016 Heidelberg, June 25, 2016

On June 25, 2016, the 2016 Medieval Studies Day took place at the New University of Heidelberg in cooperation with the universities of Heidelberg, Mannheim, and Karlsruhe. Attendees interested in the Middle Ages had the opportunity to learn about various fields of research, as well as study and training opportunities related to the Middle Ages, and to actively participate in seminars. As part of this event, the DEAF offered a “workshop visit” on the topic “The Dictionnaire étymologique de l’ancien français (DEAF) – How is an Old French dictionary created in Heidelberg?”

Academic collaboration with the project "The Values of French Literature and Language in the European Middle Ages" (ERC Advanced Grant at King's College London)

On June 6, 2016, Simon Gaunt and Simone Ventura from King’s College London visited the DEAF offices for an academic exchange regarding the project “The Values of French Literature and Language in the European Middle Ages.” A report on the visit is available here.

Heidelberg Children's University, February 27, 2016

On February 27, 2016, the annual Children’s University took place in Heidelberg. As part of this event, DEAF offered the workshop “Elephants and Unicorns: Reading and Understanding Medieval Texts in Handwritten Books,” which was fully booked. [Press Release]

Workshop organized by the “Electronic Publishing” Working Group of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities the Union of German Academies of Sciences and Humanities

From September 14 to 16, 2015, a workshop organized by the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities the Union of German Academies of Sciences and Humanities on the topic of “Historical Semantics and the Semantic Web” took place in Heidelberg as part of the “Electronic Publishing” working group. Our editor Sabine Tittel gave a presentation on the topic “Semantic Integration of Knowledge on the European Middle Ages: A Project in European Lexicography.” The workshop program is available here.

International Colloquium

On September 7–8, 2015, an international colloquium on the topic “La régionalité lexicale du français au Moyen Âge” took place at the University of Zurich, organized by David Trotter and Martin Glessgen. The DEAF was represented by Sabine Tittel: La régionalité lexicale de l’ancien français (1100–1350), Thomas Städtler: Le français régional en contexte latin après 1100, and Frankwalt Möhren: La régionalité dans le DEAF.

Medieval Day 2015 Heidelberg, June 27, 2015

On June 27, 2015, the 2015 Medieval Studies Day took place at the New University of Heidelberg in cooperation with the universities of Heidelberg, Mannheim, and Karlsruhe. Here, those interested in the Middle Ages had the opportunity to learn about various fields of research, as well as study and training opportunities related to the Middle Ages, and to actively participate in seminars. Within this framework, the DEAF offered the seminar “Predicting the Future in the Middle Ages—A Self-Experiment Based on ‘Geomancy.’”

Closing Session of the COST Action "Medieval Europe" in Florence, March 16–17, 2015

From March 16 to 17, 2015, the Management Committee and the four working groups of the COST Action "Medieval Europe - Medieval Cultures and Technological Resources" held their final meeting in Florence as guests of SISMEL. Thomas Städtler and Sabine Tittel attended the meeting. Several presentations addressed the approaches developed during the COST Action for standardizing information on the Middle Ages. The two project proposals (submitted to the European Union’s “Horizon 2020”)—“Lexicographic Semantic Integration in the European Middle Ages – LexEMA” (Sabine Tittel) and “Mobility of Medieval manuscripts in the Middle Ages – MOMENTUM”—which emerged from the COST Action, were presented, and their strengths and weaknesses were discussed.

Heidelberg Children's University, February 7, 2015

On February 7, 2015, the annual Children’s University took place in Heidelberg from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. As part of this event, the DEAF offered a workshop titled “Elephants and Unicorns: Reading and Understanding Medieval Texts in Handwritten Books.” The seminar was fully booked, and our young “participants” headed home excitedly—eager to delve even further into medieval manuscripts.

COST Action IS1005 - “Medieval Europe: Medieval Cultures and Technological Resources”

Medieval Europe: Medieval Cultures and Technological Resources

COST - European Cooperation in Science and Technology

Since March 2011, the DEAF has been participating in COST Action IS1005 “Medieval Europe: Medieval Cultures and Technological Resources,” which brings together projects from twenty-one European countries and Israel. The COST Action aims to increase accessibility to and integration of medieval research results and tools through the combination of medievalist scholarship and modern technologies within a Virtual Center for Medieval Studies (VCMS). Thomas Städtler chairs Working Group 3 “Textual Corpora and Reading Tools” of the COST Action and is a member of the Action’s Management Committee and Steering Group.

On May 24, 2011, Thomas Städtler (DEAF), Annette Kehnel (University of Mannheim), and Ludger Lieb (University of Heidelberg) hosted an international colloquium on the theme of the COST Action, with Agostino Paravicini Bagliani (SISMEL Florence and University of Lausanne) serving as the keynote speaker.

From November 3 to 5, 2011, the Management Committee and the four working groups of the COST Action met in Heidelberg as guests of the DEAF and the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. During this meeting, several existing databases that could serve as models for a larger-scale network of medievalist resources were presented, and possibilities for integration among the participating projects were discussed.

From October 17 to 19, 2013, the Management Committee of the COST Action met in Budapest to discuss the future of the VCMS— Virtual Centre for Medieval Studies.

On April 25 and 26, 2013, the workshop “Connecting Textual Corpora and Dictionaries” took place in Kraków, Poland, under the direction of Sabine Tittel, Prof. Michał Rzepiela, and Krzysztof Nowak. For more information about this workshop, visit the website of the Institute of Polish Language.

On January 13 and 14, 2014, the workshop “Structure and Draft of a First Application” was held at the Academy of Sciences in Heidelberg.

On March 16 and 17, 2015, the Management Committee and the four working groups of the COST Action “Medieval Europe – Medieval Cultures and Technological Resources” attended the closing session in Florence. Several presentations addressed different approaches to standardizing information about the Middle Ages. The two applications (for the European Union’s “Horizon 2020”)—“Lexicographic Semantic Integration in the European Middle Ages – LexEMA” (Sabine Tittel) and “Mobility of Medieval Manuscripts in the Middle Ages – MOMENTUM”—which emerged from the COST Action, were presented, and their strengths and weaknesses were discussed.

To date, the DEAF has made the following scientific contributions toward the objectives of the COST Action:

From April 15 to 29, 2012, Lisa Šumski visited the Institut de recherche et d'histoire des textes in Paris as part of a short-term research mission funded by the COST Action. The mission aimed to explore the possibilities of linking bibliographic information from the DEAFBiblEl (Heidelberg) and Jonas (Paris) databases.
As part of its activities within Working Group 3, the DEAF designed and implemented a Prototypical Onomasiological Portal for Medieval Romance Dictionaries, which aims to demonstrate the potential of a content-based approach to the integration of lexicographical resources.
From December 16 to 30, 2012, Marc Kiwitt undertook a Short-Term Scientific Mission (STSM) to the Institute of Microfilmed Hebrew Manuscripts at the National Library of Israel in Jerusalem. The goal of the STSM was to explore ways to link the digital resources available at the Institute of Microfilmed Hebrew Manuscripts with the bibliographic database developed at the DEAF, and to assess the potential benefits of these resources for the Virtual Center of Medieval Studies established within the COST Action.

International Colloquium in Nancy: “Electronic Editions, Corpus Studies, and Textual Databases in Medieval Studies,” January 16–17, 2015

On January 16 and 17, 2015, the international colloquium “Electronic Editions, Corpus Studies, and Textual Databases in Medieval Studies” took place in Nancy (ATILF), organized by the “Société de Langues et de Littératures Médiévales d’Oc et d’Oïl – SLLMOO.” Sabine Tittel delivered a presentation titled “Combining a Textual Database and Historical Lexicography: The Oldest Linguistic Documents of France and the Etymological Dictionary of Old French,” which sparked a lively discussion about the possibilities for closer future cooperation between electronic editions, corpus projects, and dictionaries.

Summer School in Klagenfurt, September 14–19, 2014

The summer school on the edition of medieval texts took place in Klagenfurt under the direction of Raymund Wilhelm, Franz Lebsanft, Richard Trachsler, David Trotter, Fabio Zinelli, and Stephen Dörr, and was primarily aimed at master’s students, doctoral candidates, and postdoctoral researchers. The morning sessions covered the theory and practice of ecdotics, while the afternoon workshops focused on producing a text edition (DixCommNeroW) with the aim of publishing it.

Group photo from the 2014 Summer School, Klagenfurt

“Lexicographical Workshop” in Rostock

Stephen Dörr and Sabine Tittel traveled to the University of Rostock from December 12 to 13, 2013, forthe “Atelier lexicographique – Taller lexicográfico: The Digitization Projects of the Dictionnaire Étymologique de l’Ancien Français and the Diccionario del Español Medieval – Conference and Workshop.” Following presentations by Prof. Dr. Rafael Arnold (Rostock), Prof. Dr. Jutta Langenbacher (Paderborn), Stephen Dörr, and Sabine Tittel, all aspects of the planned digitization of the material for the Old Spanish dictionary (Diccionario del Español Medieval – DEM) were discussed in depth: type of material, digitization steps, database structure, user interface (GUI), technical implementation, online publication, etc. A close collaboration was agreed upon so that the Old Spanish digitization project can build on the experience of the DEAF.

“27th Congress of Romance Linguistics and Philology,” Nancy, July 15–20, 2013

Sabine Tittel gave a presentation titled “Quelle philologie pour la lexicographie du corpus?” in the section “Quelle philologie pour quelle lexicographie?”. In addition, together with Martin-Dietrich Gleßgen (Zurich), she gave a presentation titled “Bases de données textuelles et lexicographie historique: How to Bring Together the Oldest Linguistic Documents of France and the DEAF?” Together with Martin-Dietrich Gleßgen (Zurich), she also gave a presentation titled “Textual Databases and Historical Lexicography: How to Bring Together the Oldest Linguistic Documents of France and the DEAF?” in the section “Current Projects; New Resources and Tools.” This presentation introduced the DEAF’s new collaboration with the DocLing project— Les plus anciens documents linguistiques de la France —to a large audience; this collaboration is the first of its kind to combine a comprehensive dictionary project with an equally extensive corpus linguistics project and generated significant interest.

Lisa Šumski gave a presentation in the “Textual and Editorial Philology” section titled “How to Edit the Moralized Ovid in Verse? Lexical Microvariation and Macrovariation in Book X,” which focused primarily on the interpretation of lexical variants in the individual manuscripts.

Together with Yan Greub, the director of the French Etymological Dictionary, Stephen Dörr organized and chaired the one-day session titled “Quelle philologie pour quelle lexicographie?”, during which eleven presentations by speakers from seven countries explored the question of what textual basis can and should be used to compile scholarly dictionaries. The very large number of attendees and the discussion of the methods demonstrated the high importance that the scholarly community attaches to both editorial philology and lexicography.

Thomas Städtler had the honor of delivering one of the five plenary lectures at the conference. In his talk, titled “Toward a Reconciliation of Theory and Practice: The Case of Historical Semantics,” he discussed the analytical methods used in historical semantic theory to describe and explain shifts in meaning and lexical change, as well as the potential applications of the resulting insights in historical dictionaries of French.

During the conference, Thomas Städtler was awarded the Prix Albert Dauzat by the Société de Linguistique Romane in recognition of his scholarly achievements.

Thomas Städtler has been appointed adjunct professor

On July 4, 2013, Thomas Städtler was appointed adjunct professor at the Faculty of Philology at the University of Freiburg.

International Conference "Transcrire et/ou traduire" at the University of Klagenfurt

On November 15 and 16, 2012, an international conference on the topic "Transcrire et/ou traduire – Trascrizione/traduzione – Copying or Translating? Variation and Linguistic Change in the Manuscript Tradition of Medieval Texts" was held at the Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt. Lisa Sumski gave a presentation on “Linguistic Variation and Change in the Manuscript Tradition ofthe Ovid Moralisated in Verse: The Oldest Manuscript, Rouen Bibl. Mun. 1044 [O.4], and the Z Group”; Stephen Dörr spoke on the topic “Texts of Authority – Authority of Texts.” Further information can be found here.

Commemorative Volume for Prof. Dr. Frankwalt Möhren

On July 22, 2012, Prof. Dr. Frankwalt Möhren was presented with a commemorative volume in honor of his 70th birthday. Further information and photos can be found here.

Romanic Texts of the Middle Ages (RTM)

Together with Raymund Wilhelm, Stephen Dörr edits the series *Romanic Texts of the Middle Ages * (RTM), published by Winter Verlag. The volumes in this new series aim to make previously little-known texts accessible in scholarly editions. In doing so, the series seeks to encompass as diverse a range of discursive traditions as possible: specialized and practical texts from everyday life are of equal interest here as are texts from the fields of science, religion, law, literature, and so on. Both individual texts and anthologies will be included. The focus is on textual production across the entire Romanic world during the period preceding the establishment of national linguistic and communicative spheres. This allows for the inclusion of “smaller” idioms of merely regional significance, some of which have developed their own writing traditions only in rudimentary form. The volumes in the series are conceived as sui generis research contributions. They are therefore also suitable as a basis for university courses.

Guillaume de Digulleville. Le Pelerinage de Vie humaine – The Pilgrimage to Heavenly Jerusalem

The edition of Guillaume de Digulleville has been published by the Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft (WBG) in Darmstadt . Le Pelerinage de Vie humaine – The Pilgrimage to Heavenly Jerusalem, edited by Veit Probst, prepared by Sabine Tittel, Stephen Dörr, Frankwalt Möhren, and Thomas Städtler (with contributions by Wolfgang Metzger and Karin Zimmermann). DEAF sigil: PelVieD.

A devout monk recounts his pilgrimage to the Heavenly Jerusalem. Yet it was all just a dream. This text, translated into German for the first time, is an allegorical poem in which the first-person narrator encounters various personifications of virtues and vices before finally reaching his destination despite all obstacles and awakening from the dream. The author of this pilgrimage is the Cistercian monk Guillaume de Digulleville (1295–after 1358). Highly educated, he offers an extremely interesting and particularly varied introduction to the scholastic-influenced religious thought of the late Middle Ages. This edition finally makes the Heidelberg illuminated manuscript of the work widely accessible. It features a facsimile of the manuscript, the Old French text with a German translation, a detailed commentary, and a glossary. The manuscript boasts an exceptionally rich artistic decoration with 126 miniatures and a complex decorative system, ranging from the meticulous calligraphy of the text and the initials executed in gold and color to the characteristic frames and scrollwork on the pages.

Le Pelerinage de Vie humaine – The Pilgrimage to Heavenly Jerusalem, WBG 2013

The edition was presented to the public on July 2, 2013, in the Manuscript Reading Room of the Heidelberg University Library by the Director of the University Library, Dr. Veit Probst, and the Head of the DEAF Research Center, PD Dr. Thomas Städtler. Opening remarks were delivered by the President of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities . Dr. Dres. h.c. Paul Kirchhof, as well as Jasmine Stern from the Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft Darmstadt. The SWR reported on the presentation in its program “Landesschau aktuell.”

The glossary for the edition of Guillaume de Digulleville’s *Le Pelerinage de Vie humaine* – *The Pilgrimage to the Heavenly Jerusalem* is available in an expanded version as a PDF.

Glossary_current.pdf

Medieval Day on July 8, 2011

The DEAF was represented at the Medieval Day organized by Heidelberg University and the College of Jewish Studies under the theme “The Fascination of the Middle Ages – Experiencing and Studying the Middle Ages,” where it was presented by Lisa Šumski and Thomas Städtler at an information booth.

Introduction to the new computer-based editorial system:

Presentation on July 2, 2010, featuring talks by René Witte (Montréal) and Sabine Tittel (DEAF) at the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities.

An Approach to Europe's Cultural Memory:

Article in the Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung dated February 28, 2009.

Honoré Chavée Prize:

The Permanent Secretary of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Institut de France, has informed Frankwalt Möhren that the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres has awarded him the Prix Honoré Chavée “for his entire body of work and in particular for the Dictionnaire Étymologique de l'Ancien Français (DEAF)” (May 2007).

Kids' University:

The Heidelberg Children's University visits the DEAF for a lecture and workshop (February 2006).

Conference:

International Interdisciplinary Conference on Lexicography, Berlin, October 2002.

Seminar:

The Future of Historical Lexicography — The Example of the Dictionnaire Etymologique de l'Ancien Français, Heidelberg, June 28–30, 2001.

Medieval Studies Colloquium at the Department of Romance Languages

Dr. Stephen Dörr

Since the 2000–2001 winter semester, I have been organizing a regular "Medieval Studies Colloquium at the Department of Romance Languages" together with Prof. Dr. Raymund Wilhelm.

Within this framework, academic lectures are held on topics in linguistics, literary studies, and textual criticism related to the Romance Middle Ages. The "Medieval Studies Colloquium" is aimed not only at colleagues but also, in particular, at students. It offers a forum designed to foster dialogue between the historians of language and literature at the Romance Seminar, the staff of the Romance dictionary projects at the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences, and interested students.

Calendar

Winter Semester 2009–2010

February 4–5, 2010: Colloquium "Text Edition and Historical Linguistics / Édition de textes et linguistique historique."

Summer Semester 2007

June 28, 2007: Study Day in Medieval Studies at the University of Zurich (
): “Around Dante / Travel Sketches – Reflections on Language – Translation.”

Winter Semester 2006–2007

October 29, 2006: Study Day in Medieval Studies at the University of
: "Translation in the Middle Ages."

Summer Semester 2006

June 29, 2006: Study Day: “
Bonvesin da la Riva – Written Culture in Medieval Milan.”

Winter Semester 2005–2006

January 26, 2006: Medieval Studies Seminar: 'Textual Criticism and the History of Language'.

Summer Semester 2005

June 23, 2005: Eva-Maria Guida (Heidelberg): 'The Vocabulary of Old Spanish from the Perspective of the Diccionario del español medieval (DEM): Findings and Prospects'.

July 7, 2005: Tino Licht (Heidelberg): '11th-Century Metz Literature: The *Passio Sanctae Luciae metrica* by Sigebert of Gembloux'.

Summer Semester 2004

May 13, 2004: Volker Mohr (Heidelberg): “French” and “English” in Medieval England: An Overview of Research Perspectives in English Studies.

Winter Semester 2003–2004

January 19, 2004: David Trotter (Aberystwyth): Anglo-Norman: The English Element, the Norman Element.

Summer Semester 2003

May 27, 2003: Frankwalt Möhren (Heidelberg): Medieval Geometry—From Papyrus to Computer.

July 17, 2003: Folker Reichert (Stuttgart): Odorico da Pordenone’s Journey to Asia and the Different Versions of His Account.

Winter Semester 2002–2003

December 10, 2002: Raymund Wilhelm (Heidelberg): Linguistic History and Textual Edition. On the Old Milanese “Alexiuslied” by Bonvesin de la Riva.

February 4, 2003: Luigi Catalani (Berlin): The Development of the Negation Structure in Middle French.

Summer Semester 2002

May 27, 2002: Monika Tausend (Munich): Romance Language Dictionaries: Old Occitan. From Raynouard to the Dictionnaire de l'occitan médiéval (DOM).

July 15, 2002: Thomas Städtler (Heidelberg): A Manuscript Fragment from Michelstadt: Evidence of a Heroic Epic Believed to Be Lost?

Winter Semester 2001–2002

November 19, 2001: Klaus Heitmann (Heidelberg): Old French Literature of the 10th Century: *La vie de saint Léger*.

February 4, 2002: Edgar Radtke (Heidelberg): A Bolognese accounting note from the first half of the Trecento?

Summer Semester 2001

June 18, 2001: Sabine Tittel (Heidelberg): *La Grande Chirurgie* by Gui de Chauliac: Partial edition and lexical analysis.

July 2, 2001: Erdmuthe Döffinger-Lange (Stuttgart): The Gauvain section in Chrétien’s *Conte du Graal*.

Winter Semester 2000–2001

January 15, 2001: Silvia Albesano (Pavia): “Vulgarizing” Boethius’ *De consolatione philosophiae*: A Comparison of Two 14th-Century Translators (Grazia di Meo, Alberto della Piagentina).

February 5, 2001: Marc Kiwitt (Paris): The Fevres Treatise on Fever—an Old French text written in Hebrew script.

European Cultural Heritage and 21st-Century Lexicology

European Cultural Heritage and Lexicology in the 21st Century

European Cultural Heritage and 21st-Century Lexicology

The Heidelberg Declaration	The Heidelberg Declaration	The Heidelberg Declaration
Preamble	Preamble	Preamble
Humans seek to situate themselves in the present by referring to history, references they also use to allay fears about the uncertainties of the future. At the same time, they guide their actions in accordance with the past as they understand it. This is the raison d'être of the historical sciences and, since antiquity, of the historical study of languages. The nineteenth century defined the contours of modern lexicography, as it did for many other sciences: to it we owe, in particular, major thesauri that bring together the materials which still serve as the basis for linguistic research. The twentieth century advanced the linguistic sciences and diversified theoretical approaches. The first year of the 21st century was designated the European Year of Languages, which invites reflection on the status and role of lexicology.	It is characteristic of humanity that we seek to make sense of the present by looking back to history, using such references also to alleviate our anxieties about the uncertainties of the future. At the same time, our actions tend to conform to the past as we perceive it. This is the very reason for the existence of the historical sciences and the historical study of language since antiquity. The nineteenth century established the parameters of modern lexicography, along with those of many other branches of learning: in particular, it is credited with the production of comprehensive reference works embodying the material on which linguistic research is still based today. The twentieth century advanced linguistic studies further and broadened the scope of theoretical inquiry. The first year of the 21st century has been designated the European Year of Languages, prompting us to reflect on the status and role of lexicology.	People seek to understand their present existence through historical references, and they also use these to alleviate fears about an uncertain future. At the same time, they base their actions on the past, as they perceive it. This is why historical sciences exist and, since antiquity, the study of language from a historical perspective. Alongside numerous other disciplines, the 19th century gave shape to modern lexicology, produced major reference works, and compiled materials that still form the foundation of linguistic research today. The 20th century expanded this knowledge and advanced theoretical discourse. The fact that the first year of the 21st century was declared the European Year of Languages provides an opportunity to reflect once again on the self-image and role of historical lexicology.
Europe’s linguistic diversity and the multicultural heritage associated with its languages stand in contrast to the idea of a “melting pot” nation. It is understandable that Europeans are turning their attention to questions of their history. Indeed, interest in historical developments is growing more and more markedly, as evidenced, for example, by the production of historical novels and films or the increasing number of museum visitors.	Europe’s linguistic diversity and the multicultural heritage associated with its languages run counter to the notion of a nation as a “melting pot.” It is only natural that Europeans should question their history. Indeed, there is a growing interest in historical developments, as evidenced, for example, by the production of historical novels and films and by the increasing number of museum visitors.	Europe’s linguistic diversity and its multicultural heritage, which is inextricably linked to its languages, run counter to the idea of a “melting pot” nation. It is understandable that Europeans are turning their attention to questions of their history. In fact, interest in historical development is experiencing a remarkable resurgence. Key topics include: human history, regional and local history, historical novels and films, and museums.
Faced with the chaotic flood of information and globalization—and, consequently, the depersonalization of large areas of life—the richness of Europe’s past takes on a new stabilizing value. Furthermore, by considering historical evolution, recent developments can be understood as a continuation and expansion of the knowledge that has been passed down. The wealth of historical data tempers the rapid and feverish pace of modern life.	In light of the flood of disparate information and globalization, which have led to the depersonalization of large areas of life, the richness of Europe’s past takes on a new stabilizing value. Moreover, viewed through the lens of historical evolution, recent developments can be seen as a continuation and extension of knowledge that has already been passed down. The wealth of historical data tempers the rapid, hectic pace of modern life.	In the face of the chaotic flood of information, globalization, and the resulting depersonalization of many aspects of life, the richness of Europe’s past is taking on a new, stabilizing value. Furthermore, recent developments can be viewed as a continuation and expansion of traditional knowledge when considered through the lens of historical evolution. The multitude of historical connections thus brings a sense of calm to modern life, which is often perceived as fast-paced and hectic.
Based on these observations, the Symposium on the Future of Historical Lexicology, to be held in Heidelberg from June 28 to 30, 2001, and bringing together leading experts in historical lexicography from France, Great Britain, and Germany, will address three aspects:	Against this backdrop, the Colloquium on the Future of Historical Lexicography, held in Heidelberg from June²⁸ to³⁰, 2001, brings together leading experts from France, Britain, and Germany to focus on three aspects of the issue:	Against the backdrop of these observations, a colloquium on the future of historical lexicography will take place in Heidelberg from June 28 to 30, 2001, bringing together leading figures in the field from France, the United Kingdom, and Germany. The event will focus on three key aspects:
- Historical lexicology in the 21st century, with a focus on the Dictionnaire étymologique de l'ancien français;	- historical linguistics in the^21st century, with a focus on the Dictionnaire étymologique de l'ancien français;	- 21st-century lexicography, as illustrated by the Dictionnaire étymologique de l'ancien français,
- the role of modern techniques for publishing, accessing, and popularizing dictionaries, and the constructive use of these techniques by the scientific community;	- the implications of using new technologies in the publication, access, and dissemination of dictionaries, as well as the productive use of these technologies in research;	- the application of modern technologies to the publication, distribution, and consultation of dictionaries, and the productive use of these technologies by the academic community, as well as,
- The socio-cultural challenges of historical research, particularly lexico-historical research, in the present and the future (public discussion titled " Language as Memory," featuring philologists, historians, and essayists/journalists).	- the socio-cultural issues arising from historical research, particularly historical lexicology, both present and future (an open discussion under the heading " Language is Memory," involving philologists, historians, and essayists/journalists).	- in a public panel discussion titled " Language Is Memory," which will explore the social relevance of historical research—and specifically historical lexicography—in the present and future, featuring philologists, historians, writers, and journalists.
The conference participants consider it important to reflect on the future of lexicology and lexicography.	The participants in the colloquium emphasize the importance of certain considerations regarding lexicology and lexicography in the future.	The participants in the colloquium attach great importance to certain ideas regarding the self-image of future lexicography.
1. Anthropology	1. Anthropology	1. Anthropology
Historical lexicology is an integral part of historical anthropology and, as such, one of the cornerstones of the representation of humanity’s cultural heritage. As a discipline subject to precise scientific standards, it must define its principles, methods, and tools, and develop them in accordance with the best traditions and the needs of the present.	Historical lexicology is an integral part of historical anthropology and thus plays a key role in illustrating humanity’s cultural heritage. In accordance with rigorous scientific standards, lexicology is obligated to define its principles, methodology, and tools, and to develop them in line with the best traditions and the demands of the present day.	Historical lexicology is an integral part of historical anthropology and thus plays a key role in bringing humanity’s cultural heritage to life. As a discipline, it must define its own principles, methods, and tools and develop them in accordance with the best traditions and the needs of the present.
2. Cultural significance	2. Cultural interest	2. Cultural Interest
Human interest in one’s cultural past also justifies an interest in lexicology, which is the science that studies and communicates the contents of the lexicon—the bearers of our accumulated cultural heritage. Consequently, lexicology conducts the fundamental research without which the values of the past could not bear fruit for the present and the future.	Humanity's interest in its cultural past naturally leads to an interest in lexicology, the branch of scholarship that investigates and disseminates knowledge of the words that serve as the vehicles for our accumulated cultural heritage. In this way, lexicology conducts the fundamental research that is essential if the values of the past are to bear fruit in the present and in the future.	The interest that people take in their cultural past also underpins their interest in lexicology as the discipline that studies and communicates the content of vocabulary as the vehicle of our accumulated cultural heritage. It follows that lexicology conducts basic research, without which the values of the past cannot enrich the present and the future.
3. Continuity	3. Continuity	3. Continuity
The lexicology of the future must draw on the creative forces of scientific tradition; it must build upon the positive achievements of the past; it must make effective use of new techniques; and in doing so, it will foster continuous development.	The lexicology of tomorrow must draw on the creative forces within the academic tradition; it must build on the positive achievements of the past, make good use of new techniques, and thus foster a development that builds on the past.	The lexicology of the future must harness the creative forces of the discipline’s tradition, build upon the positive achievements of the past, make effective use of new technologies, and thereby bring about further development within a spirit of continuity.
4. Interdisciplinarity	4. Interdisciplinary approach	4. Interdisciplinarity
Interdisciplinarity is one of the defining features of historical lexicology; its central importance will continue to grow as technology further facilitates collaboration. Other anthropological disciplines will also benefit greatly from this.	The interdisciplinary nature of historical lexicology is one of its defining characteristics, and its crucial importance will grow even further as technology enables an even greater exchange of information. This will also benefit the other anthropological disciplines.	Interdisciplinarity is a defining feature of historical lexicology. Its central importance will only grow in the future as technology facilitates greater exchange. The other anthropological disciplines will also benefit from this.
5. Modern and Historical Lexicology	5. Modern and historical lexicography	5. Modern and Historical Lexicography
Lexicology and lexicography of modern languages rely heavily on historical lexicology and lexicography; the development of new languages and ongoing changes are rooted in a historical foundation; research must therefore, from the outset, adopt a historical perspective. The same applies, by analogy, to bilingual lexicography.	The lexicology and lexicography of modern languages are largely based on historical lexicology and lexicography. The development of new forms of speech and the linguistic changes currently taking place stem from a historical foundation, so that research must , by definition, adopt a historical perspective. This also applies to bilingual lexicography.	Significant aspects of lexicology and lexicography in modern languages are based on historical lexicology and lexicography. Even recent developments in vocabulary and language are rooted in historical foundations and must, by definition, be viewed from a historical linguistic perspective. The same applies to bilingual lexicography.
6. Thesaurus and Basic Research	6. Thesauri and basic research	6. Summaries of Knowledge
Language has its roots in the distant past of our culture. It evolves, is shaped by its environment, gives rise to new forms while the old fade away, and thus reflects cultural change. Historical lexicography collects and analyzes these phenomena in comprehensive repositories of knowledge. The necessary fundamental research, supported by the growth and continuity of expertise, ensures its success.	Language is deeply rooted in the distant past of our culture. It evolves, is shaped by environmental influences, generates new elements while older ones fade away, and thus reflects cultural evolution. Historical lexicography documents and analyzes these processes through extensive collections of material; its success is ensured by the necessary foundational research, supported by the steady growth of expertise.	Language is rooted in the distant past of our culture. It evolves, is shaped by environmental influences, gives rise to new elements while others fade away, and thus reflects cultural development. Historical lexicography documents and analyzes these processes in comprehensive thesauri. Building on the growth and continuity of specialized knowledge, the necessary basic research ensures success.
7. Knowledge versus information	7. Knowledge versus information	7. Knowledge versus Information
Knowledge presupposes an understanding of the context in which the collected information is situated; it is through integration into a scientific system that information is transformed into knowledge. The usefulness of information, enhanced by the use of electronic networks, is guaranteed only by the expansion of knowledge.	Knowledge presupposes familiarity with and an understanding of the framework within which the collected pieces of information are situated; it is by incorporating them into a scientific system that pieces of information are transformed into knowledge. The usefulness of such pieces of information—the number of which has increased with the advent of electronic networks—is guaranteed only by the growth of knowledge.	Knowledge requires familiarity with and an understanding of the networks into which aggregated information is integrated; it is through its incorporation into the scientific system that information becomes knowledge. Consequently, the benefits of the increasing volume of information generated by electronic networking become apparent only through the demonstrable growth in knowledge.
8. Materials Used	8. Processing the source material	8. Processed materials
Thanks to modern techniques of mechanical text processing, we now have access to vast amounts of raw data, quickly and at low cost. It is up to those who create this data to process it according to best practices, so as to make a meaningful contribution to the analysis of written historical sources and the advancement of knowledge.	Modern techniques for automatically processing texts make large amounts of raw material available to us quickly and inexpensively. It is incumbent upon the provider of such material to handle it in accordance with current best practices, so as to ensure that it makes a genuine contribution to the analysis of written historical sources and the advancement of knowledge.	Thanks to modern text-analysis technology, large volumes of raw material can be made available in a very short time and with minimal effort. It is the responsibility of those who create this material to process it in accordance with the rules of the discipline, so as to truly contribute to the analysis of the written historical record and to advance scholarship.
9. Quality Standards	9. Quality Standards	9. Quality Standards
The intensification of international scientific exchange makes it increasingly necessary to maintain high standards of quality. In particular, popular science books rely on the results of well-founded basic research compiled by the scientific lexicography departments of qualified research centers.	The growth of scholarly exchanges at the international level makes it increasingly necessary to adhere to rigorous quality standards. Popular reference works, in particular, rely on the results of well-founded, fundamental lexicographical research conducted at qualified research centers.	The growing international exchange of scientific knowledge increasingly requires the application of rigorous quality standards. Popular science works, in particular, draw on the findings of broadly based basic research provided by the scientific lexicography of qualified research centers.
10. Identification	10. Identification	10. Identification
In collaboration with those responsible for disseminating research findings, the scientific community must ensure that researchers and research institutions are identified as scientific authors, even when the findings are disseminated through electronic media. In this way, the pride derived from outstanding work and the recognition of individual contributions will continue to provide the motivation for the highest scientific quality.	Working alongside those responsible for disseminating research findings, the scholarly community must ensure that academics and academic institutions can be officially recognized as scholarly authors, even when the findings are accessed via electronic media. In this way, the pride derived from an outstanding piece of work and the recognition of the individual’s contribution will continue to serve as an incentive for work of the highest academic quality.	The scientific community, together with those responsible for disseminating research results, must ensure that researchers and research institutions can be identified as the scientific authors, even when the results are made available through electronic media. In this way, pride in first-rate work and recognition of individual contributions will continue to serve as an incentive for the highest scientific quality.

The Heidelberg Declaration can also be found in *Das Mittelalter* 6 (2001), 1,183; see also Frankwalt Möhren’s article on the conference in the *Bulletin d’Information de la Mission historique française en Allemagne* 37 (Göttingen 2001), 95–100.

Conference participants and the first signatories of the Declaration

Prof. Dr. Robert Martin, Sorbonne, *Dictionnaire du Moyen Français* (DMF) [spiritus rector], former Director of the National Institute of the French Language
Prof. Dr. Frankwalt Möhren, Heidelberg, Etymological Dictionary of Old French (DEAF)
Prof. Dr. William Rothwell, Manchester, Anglo-Norman Dictionary (AND)
Prof. Dr. Michael Beddow, Leeds, Germanist and computer scientist, Anglo-Norman Dictionary (AND)
Prof. Dr. Peter Blumenthal, Cologne, digitized version of the Tobler-Lommatzsch Old French Dictionary (TL)
Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of French Language and Literature, Linguistics Section
Dr. Jean-Paul Chauveau, Nancy, Director of the French Etymological Dictionary (FEW)
Prof. Dr. Jean-Pierre Chambon, Sorbonne, former Director of the French Etymological Dictionary (FEW)
Dr. Philip Durkin, Oxford, Chief Etymologist, Oxford English Dictionary (OED)
Dr. Heino Speer, Heidelberg, German Legal Dictionary (DRW), spokesperson for the "Electronic Publishing" working group of the Union of German Academies of Sciences and Humanities
Prof. Dr. Oskar Reichmann, Heidelberg, Dictionary of Early New High German (FWB)
Anette Auberle, Mannheim, Duden
Prof. Dr. Theodor Berchem, Würzburg, Romanist, President of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), President of the University of Würzburg
Prof. Dr. Wulf Oesterreicher, Munich, President of the German Association of Romance Philologists (DRV)
Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Busse, Düsseldorf, English scholar, former president of the German Association of Medievalists (DMV)
Prof. Dr. Hans-Werner Goetz, Hamburg, historian, President of the German Association of Medievalists (DMV)
Wolfgang Herbst, Tübingen, Publishing Director at Max Niemeyer Verlag
Prof. Dr. Gilles Roques, Nancy, Editor-in-Chief of the *Revue de Linguistique Romane* (RLiR)
Prof. Dr. Hans Käsmann, Heidelberg, former editor of Anglia
Prof. Dr. Marie-Luce Demonet, Poitiers / Tours, Romanist: Rabelais in the Digital Age
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Miethke, Heidelberg, historian, intellectual history
Dr. Christoph J. Drüppel, Esslingen, Director of the District Archives, Adjunct Professor at the Marburg School of Archival Studies
Prof. Dr. Jacques Darras, Amiens, English scholar, poet, and translator
Pierre Enckell, Paris, Romanist, lexicographer, and essayist
Jean d'Yvoire, Heidelberg, University Cooperation Attaché, Institut Français
Sabine Tittel, Heidelberg, Etymological Dictionary of Old French (DEAF)
Dr. Stephen Dörr, Heidelberg, Etymological Dictionary of Old French (DEAF)
Dr. Thomas Städtler, Heidelberg, Etymological Dictionary of Old French (DEAF)

Signatories

Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Géza Alföldy, Heidelberg, Ancient History, Director of the Epigraphic Database Research Center at the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities
Prof. Dr. Nelly Andrieux-Reix, Paris III – Sorbonne Nouvelle, Romanist
Prof. Dr. Werner Arnold, Heidelberg, Semitist
Prof. Dr. Heidi Aschenberg, Tübingen, Romanist
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Antoni M. Badia i Margarit, Barcelona, Director of Romance Studies
Prof. Dr. Walter Berschin, Heidelberg, Founding President of the International Committee for Medieval Latin
Dr. Maria Besse, Kaiserslautern, Dictionary of German Winemaking Terminology
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Manfred Bierwisch, Berlin, Germanist, Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities: Dictionaries
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Michail A. Bojcov, Moscow, Lomonosov University, historian, medieval studies
Prof. Dr. Marie-Guy Boutier, Brussels, Romanist, dialectologist, and lexicographer (FEW)
Dr. Sabine Bruck, Heidelberg, Editor, Année Philologique
Dr. Eva Büchi, Nancy, CNRS/ATILF, French Etymological Dictionary (FEW)
Dr. Stephen Buckwalter, Heidelberg, Germanist, Martin Bucer’s German Writings
Dr. Daron Burrows, Oxford, Romanist, Secretary of the Anglo-Norman Text Society
Prof. Dr. Anthonij Dees, Amsterdam, author of *Atlas of the Forms and Structures of^13th-Century French Charters / Literary Texts*
Prof. Dr. Michel Francard, Louvain-la-Neuve, Romanist
Prof. Dr. Manfred Fuhrmann, Überlingen, Latin scholar, Director of the Research Center for the Edition of Reuchlin’s Correspondence at the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities
Dr. Barbara von Gemmingen, Düsseldorf, Romanist, lexicographer
Prof. Dr. Frauke Gewecke, Heidelberg, scholar of Romance languages, co-editor of *Iberoamericana*
Prof. Dr. Martin-Dietrich Glessgen, Strasbourg, Romanist
Prof. Dr. Hans Goebl, Salzburg, Romanist
Dr. Eva Güida, Heidelberg, scholar of Romance languages, editor, *Diccionario del español medieval* (DEM)
Prof. Dr. Dieter Hagedorn, Heidelberg, Papyrology
Prof. Dr. Frank-Rutger Hausmann, Freiburg, Romanist, editor of *Romanische Forschungen*, literary editor
Prof. Dr. Klaus Heitmann, Heidelberg, Romanist, former editor of the *Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen*
Prof. Dr. Arthur Henkel, Heidelberg, Germanist, former editor of Euphorion
Dr. Françoise Henry, Nancy, ILF-ATILF Preclassical French Team
Dr. Jakob Wolfgang Hillen, Bonn, publisher
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Gerold Hilty, Zurich, Romanist, former editor of *Vox Romanica*, former rector of the University of Zurich
Prof. Dr. Willi Hirdt, Bonn, Romanist, Tobler-Lommatzsch Dictionary of Old French (TL)
Dr. Nicoline Hörsch, Heidelberg, Onomasiological Dictionary of Old Occitan/Gascon (DAO/DAG)
Prof. Dr. Günter Holtus, President of the Société de Linguistique Romane, editor of the *Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie* (ZrP), the *Beihefte zur ZrP*, and the *Supplemente zur ZrP* (*Romanische Bibliographie*)
Prof. Dr. Werner Hüllen, Düsseldorf, English scholar, literary and linguistic scholar, lexicographer
Prof. Dr. Daniel Jacob, Cologne, Romanist, linguist
Dr. Lisa Jefferson, Oxford, Anglo-Norman Dictionary (AND)
Dr. Susanne Kaeppele, Heidelberg, scholar of Romance languages and literature, art historian
Prof. Dr. med., Dr. phil. Gundolf Keil, Würzburg, Director of the Institute for the History of Medicine at the University of Würzburg, Editor of *Würzburger medizinhistorische Forschungen*
Marc Kiwitt, Heidelberg, Romanist
Prof. Dr. Georges Kleiber, Strasbourg, Romanist
Prof. Dr. Henning Kraus, Augsburg, Romanist, literary scholar
Prof. Dr. Ludolf Kuchenbuch, FernUniversität Hagen, historian, ancient history
Prof. Dr. Jutta Langenbacher-Liebgott, Paderborn, scholar of Romance languages, member of the DAAD Executive Board
Prof. Dr. Franz Lebsanft, Bochum, scholar of Romance languages, former contributor to the Tobler-Lommatzsch Dictionary of Old French (TL)
Katja Leyhausen, M.A., Heidelberg, Germanist, Romanist, lexicographer, *Deutsches Rechtswörterbuch* (DRW)
Prof. Dr. Ricarda Liver, Bern, scholar of Romance languages, editor of Vox Romanica
Prof. Dr. Anthony Lodge, University of St. Andrews, Romanist
Prof. Dr. Leena Löfstedt, Helsinki/Los Angeles, Romanist
Dr. Heiner Lutzmann, Heidelberg, Center for Historical Research at Heidelberg University
Prof. Dr. Takeshi Matsumura, Tokyo, Romanist, philologist, lexicographer
Dr. Volker Mecking, Romanist, Lyon
Prof. Dr. Brian Merrilees, Toronto, Romanist, member of the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
Prof. Dr. Ulrich Mölk, Göttingen, Romanist, spokesperson for the SFB "Internationality of National Literatures"
Priv.-Doz. Dr. Claudine Moulin, Bamberg/Luxembourg, Germanist, Scientific Director of the Dictionary of the Luxembourgish Language
Prof. Dr. Bodo Müller, Heidelberg, Director of the Diccionario del español medieval (DEM) Research Center
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Fritz Nies, Düsseldorf, specialist in Romance languages and literature, former president of the German Association of Romance Language Scholars (DRV)
Prof. Dr. Drs. h.c. Max Pfister, Saarbrücken, *Lessico Etimologico Italiano* (LEI)
Prof. Dr. David Pharies, Gainesville, FL, Romanist, editor of *Diccionario etimológico de los sufijos españoles* (Gredos) and the *University of Chicago Spanish Dictionary*,^5th edition
Prof. Dr. Jaqueline Picoche, Amiens, Romanist, lexicographer
Prof. F. Quinsat, Poitiers, specialist in Arabic and French studies
Prof. Dr. Folker Reichert, Stuttgart, historian, editor of *Foreign Cultures in Ancient Accounts*
Prof. Dr. Pierre Rézeau, Strasbourg, Romanist
Prof. Dr. Jacques-Philippe Saint-Gérand, Lyon, member ofthe Association for Language Sciences (ASL)
Yela Schauwecker, M.A., Heidelberg, Etymological Dictionary of Old French (DEAF), Text Edition
Dr. Christiane Schlaps, Tübingen, Germanist, editor, Goethe Dictionary
Dr. Arno Scholz, Stuttgart, Romanist
Prof. Dr. Hans-Peter Schwake, Heidelberg, Romanist
Tiana Shabafrouz, M.A., Heidelberg, Onomasiological Dictionary of Old Occitan/Gascon (DAO/DAG)
Dr. Alexander Sima, Heidelberg, Semitist, lexicographer
Prof. Dr. Drs. h.c. Dieter Simon, Berlin, President of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities
Prof. Dr. Gabriele Stein, Heidelberg, English Linguistics, Member of the Academia Europaea
Prof. Dr. Wolf-Dieter Stempel, Munich, Director of the Dictionnaire de l'occitan médiéval (DOM) Research Center
Lisa Šumski, Heidelberg, Romance languages scholar
Dr. Monika Tausend, Munich, Editor, Dictionnaire de l'occitan médiéval (DOM)
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Trabant, Berlin, Romanist, Secretary of the Philosophy and History Section of Academy of Sciences and Humanities Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities
Prof. Dr. Richard Trachsler, Paris IV-Sorbonne, Romanist, textual editing
Prof. Dr. David Trotter, Aberystwyth, Romanist, Anglo-Norman Dictionary (AND)
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Alberto Varvaro, Naples, Romanist, editor of *Medioevo Romanzo*
Eveline Wandl-Vogt, Vienna, Germanist, lexicographer, dialectologist
Dr. Matthias Wermke, Mannheim, Editor-in-Chief of Duden
Prof. Dr. Herbert Ernst Wiegand, Heidelberg, Germanist, lexicographer: Theory of the Dictionary
Prof. Dr. Friedrich Wolfzettel, Frankfurt, Romanist, literary scholar

Any scientist who agrees with the statements in the Heidelberg Declaration is invited to join the initial signatories. This website hosts the growing list. Contact: frankwalt.moehren@rose.uni-heidelberg.de

DEAF Bibliography - DEAFBiblél

The literature used by the DEAF is cataloged in the *Complément bibliographique*, which has become the standard reference work for Old French and lists primary sources, secondary sources, and dictionaries. It is published in print (De Gruyter, most recently in 2021, DOI 10.1515/9783110755091) and online as DEAFBiblél. For more information, see the Publications section.

DEAF Electronics - DEAFél

Since 2010, the DEAF has been publishing its dictionary entries online as DEAF électronique (DEAFél) under an open access license.DEAFél consists of two publication sections:DEAFplus andDEAFpré. Since 2018, the data fromDEAFplus entries has also been available as Linked Data in RDF.

1) DEAFplus

DEAFplus is the scientifically compiled section of the dictionary in its established form. Readers are generally familiar with this section from the print version, though the online version includes additional content and features: For example,DEAFplus provides access to materials that were omitted from the print version due to space constraints (listed under “etc.” and “etc.etc.”).DEAFplus currently covers the complete range of letters from G–K as well as parts of E and F. Under an agreement with the publisher De Gruyter, each new installment of the DEAF is printed and published online two years after the printed version. Until volumes G–K have been fully retro-digitized, they are integrated intoDEAFplus as raster graphics. Retrodigitization is scheduled for completion in 2020; the finished volumes will be made available online successively.

2) DEAFpre

In parallel withDEAFplus, the materials from the remaining letter sequences have been compiled into word families, roughly structured semantically, and made available exclusively online as so-called short articles under the nameDEAFpré. The key difference from the editorial process ofDEAFplus is that—due to time constraints—theDEAFpré materials couldnot be verified and should therefore be consulted with caution.DEAFpré is a working tool that is constantly being updated. The graphical categorization is provisional, and the semantic categorization was carried out without checking the sources, i.e., based solely on the data recorded on the index cards, which do not always contain all the desirable information.

Nevertheless, the information provided byDEAFpré is substantial: it allows access to all attested forms of a word as well as to all attested instances associated with any of the listed definitions. Furthermore, each abbreviation used is accompanied by a link to the electronic bibliography. Where applicable, online dictionaries (e.g., ANDEl and DMF) containing relevant information on a given word are linked. Currently,DEAFpré contains materials covering the letters A–F and L–Z.

DEAFél's search functions

The search functions consist of two parts: Simple Search and Advanced Search:

1) Simple search: The simple search provides access to the headwords, derivations, and various graphic forms of Old French words. It covers material from the entire alphabet.

2) Advanced Search: The advanced search, featuring eight search functions and numerous options for filtering results, provides in-depth access to the dictionary’s information. For example, it allows users to search for a word within idioms, collocations, proverbs, or figures of speech. The onomasiological search, which is based on word definitions, allows users to search for general meanings or to refine their search by using the word in question as a technical term or within a figure of speech. The advanced search covers all article sections ofDEAFplus (except G–K) andDEAFpré.

For more information on the origins ofDEAFplus andDEAFpré and the development of the electronic editorial system, see A New Concept for DEAF.

Click here for DEAFél

DEAF as Linked Data

Since 2018, the data from DEAFplus articles has been converted to the Resource Description Framework format and is thus available as Linked (Open) Data. The following vocabularies and ontologies, which are well-established in academia, were used for the formalized content-based (semantic, in the sense of computer science) annotation of the data: OntoLex-lemon, LexInfo, Dublin Core, OLiA, RDF, RDFS, SKOS, and FOAF.

For a detailed description of the conversion process, see Sabine Tittel and Christian Chiarcos, “Historical Lexicography of Old French and Linked Open Data: Transforming the resources of the Dictionnaire étymologique de l'ancien français with OntoLex-Lemon,” in Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018). GLOBALEX Workshop (GLOBALEX-2018), May 7–12, 2018, Miyazaki, Japan, Paris (European Language Resources Association (ELRA)) 2018, pp. 58–66; Sabine Tittel, Integration of Historical Lexical Semantics and Ontologies in the Digital Humanities. With materials from Old French, Middle French, and Old Gascon as Linked Data on the Semantic Web, 2022, in press.

The data from the electronic Altgaskognic dictionary DAGél has been converted into Linked (Open) Data. The same applies to the conversion to RDF as to the data from DEAFplus.

On the LOD.academy portal, the categories of the Hallig/Wartburg ontology (DEAF code: HW) are available as LOD; https://lod.academy/site/vocabs/hallig-wartburg. See Sabine Tittel, Frances Gillis-Webber, Alessandro A. Nannini, "Towards an ontology based on Hallig-Wartburg's Begriffssystem for Historical Linguistic Linked Data”, in: Maxim Ionov, John P. McCrae, Christian Chiarcos, Thierry Declerck, Julia Bosque-Gil, and Jorge Gracia (eds.), Proceedings of the 7th Workshop on Linked Data in Linguistics (LDL-2020), Marseille, May 2020, European Language Resources Association, 2020, pp. 1–10.

Former research center directors

Prof. Dr. Thomas Städtler
Prof. Dr. Frankwalt Möhren

Founder of the research center

Prof. Dr. Kurt Baldinger

Former employees (as of the end of the project in 2020)

Maud Becker
Dr. Stephen Dörr
Marcus Husar (IT)
Prof. Dr. Frankwalt Möhren
Prof. Thomas Städtler, Ph.D. and Dr. Sabine Tittel

The DEAF 2020 team: Maud Becker, Stephen Dörr, Marcus Husar, Sabine Tittel, Thomas Städtler

Members of the commission accompanying the project

Prof. Dr. Immo Appenzeller (Heidelberg)
Prof. Dr. Marie Guy Boutier (Liège)
Prof. Dr. Eva Buchi (Nancy)
Prof. Dr. Jean-Paul Chauveau (Nancy)
Prof. Dr. Thomas Field (Baltimore)
Prof. Dr. Martin Glessgen (Zurich)
Prof. Dr. Frank-Rutger Hausmann (Freiburg), Vice Chair
Prof. Dr. Christian Mair (Freiburg)
Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Raible (Freiburg), Chair
Prof. Dr. Gilles Roques (Nancy)
Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Schweickard (Saarbrücken)
Prof. Dr. Maria Selig (Regensburg)
Prof. Dr. Achim Stein (Stuttgart)

Contact

frankwalt.moehren@rose.uni-heidelberg.de

Visiting Professorships

Visiting professorship at the University of Düsseldorf, winter semester 1989–90.
Visiting professorship at the École des Chartes, Paris, fall 2004.

Collaboration on projects

Member of the Executive Board and proofreader for the TLF-Étym project — Selective revision of the etymological entries in the Trésor de la langue française informatisé.

Other

Foreign Member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Institut de France, Paris (since 2018).
Foreign Correspondent of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Institut de France, Paris (since 2011).
Honoré Chavée Prize, awarded by the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Institut de France, Paris, May 2007.
Albert Dauzat Prize, awarded by the Société de Linguistique Romane, Aix-en-Provence, 1983.

Bibliography

A. Self-published works

The Emotional Intensification of Negation through the Expression of a Minimal Value in Old French, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 1980, VII + 264 pp.
[Reviews: G. Straka, RLiR 45 (1981) 492–495; R. Bracchi, Salesianum 43 (1981) 226; J. Stéfanini, BSLP 76 (1981[1982]) 152–155; G. Roques, ZrP 98 (1982) 204–207; F.-J. Klein, RF 94 (1982) 280–284; L. Löfstedt, VRo 41 (1982) 276–278; J. Everett, MF 11 (1982) 138; N.L. Corbett, RoPh 38 (1985) 366–369.]
Lexicographical and Historical Studies on French Agricultural Texts from the 13th, 14th, and 18th Centuries (Seneschaucie, Menagier , Encyclopédie ), Tübingen (Niemeyer) 1986, X + 549 pp.
[Reviews: G. Roques, RLiR 51 (1987) 224–228; J. Wüest, RoJb 39 (1988) 152–153; P. Vernay, StM 29,2 (1988) 1001–1003; B. von Gemmingen, AnS 226 (1989) 176–180; Anon., The Year’s Work in Modern Languages 49 (1989) 37; J.-P. Chambon, ZrP 106 (1990) 175–177.]
DEAF, Bibliographic Supplement 1974, Québec (Laval) – Tübingen (Niemeyer) – Paris (Klincksieck) 1974, 83 pp.
DEAF, Bibliographic Supplement 1993, Tübingen (Niemeyer) – Québec (Laval) 1993, 19 pp. + 638 col. + 47 pp. [see C]
DEAF, Bibliographic Supplement, expanded and updated electronic version, 2002 and onward.
DEAF, Bibliographic Supplement 2007, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 2007, 19 pp. + 1,031 lines + 47 pp.
DEAF, Bibliographic Supplement 2016, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 2016, XXIX pp. + 1,287 lines + 61 pp.
(with Sabine Tittel, Stephen Dörr, and Thomas Städtler) Guillaume de Digulleville. *Le Pelerinage de Vie humaine* – *The Pilgrimage to the Heavenly Jerusalem*, Darmstadt (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft) 2013 (with contributions by W. Metzger and K. Zimmermann, ed. by V. Probst) [Link to DEAFBibl].
*Il libro de la cucina: A Cookbook Bridging East and West*, Heidelberg (Heidelberg University Publishing) 2016, 268 pp. [Link]. Review by Squillacioti, RLiR 83 (2019) 189–193.

B. Disclosure of Records

Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of Romance Linguistics and Philology (Quebec City, 1971), ed. M. Boudreault and F. Möhren, Quebec City (Presses de l'Université Laval) 1976, 2 vols., LXXXVI + 1209 + 1248 pp.

C. Entries in the Dictionnaire étymologique de l'ancien français (DEAF)

Vol. G 1 (1974):
gabarre, [gabelle], gable1, gable2, gacel, [gai], [gaif], gaimenter, gaïn2, galban, gale, [galee], galepier, galerous, galle muschee, galme, [galois], galon, galop, galoppe.
Vol. G 2 (1974):
gamel/gamele, ganguemele, ganguerillié, gansele, garenne, gargarisier, gargate, garges, garmenter.
Vol. G 3 (1974):
garol, gaule, gavle, gazar, geline, gelinier, gence, *genoicure.
Vol. G 4 (1982):
germe3, *gesse, geugon, geuse, geutre, gevesque, gewee, gibeline, giber.
Vol. G 5 (1988):
*gier, gignitif, girolde, glace, glacial, glaire1, glaire2, glaseriane, glasie, glaswerkere, *glauc, glebe, glemure, *glend, gleste, *glocier, gloine, gloon.
Vol. G 6 (1989):
gnacelle, gnif, gnongnon, gnouse, gobette, gocuble, godelminge, godivele, goés, goi, goiere, goiron, goise, *gojon3, gomeis, *gonne, *gordinge, gotelef, *goude, goulesi, goumas, goumon, gounder, gournon.
Vol. G 7 (1993):
degrees, grams, boundaries.
Vol. G 8 (1994):
grepper, greste, greywerk, griçoler, griés, grieté, grifer/griper, grigaille, grignier/graignier, grimole, gringalet/guingalet, gris, grislant, grocier, groe1, groer, grognetiere, groïr, groisele, *groler.
Vol. G 9 / G 10 (1995):
gromoissel, grote, groupial, grumel, grundeswilie, gruve, guace, guagoin, guai, guarsache, guasseau, guastrer, guchart, gué, guerne, guibelin2, guilté, guisarme, gurdei.
Vol. H 1 (1997):
h, ha1, ha2, haa, haant, haé, hahai, hahi, hai, haï, haie2, haigne1, haigne2, haio, *haiward, hakebot, haleïz, halo, han, haneke, hanter, hanterie, haon, hara1, hara2, harace, haraz1, haraz2.
Vol. H 2 (1998):
hardos, haré, hari, harke, hatece, hatiplat, hau, haudaim, hautere, have1, have2, have3, haveben, havir1, havir2, havot2, he1, he2, heanse, heau, hebes, hei1, hei2, heï, helileth, helye, henel, henir.
Vol. H 3 (1999):
herder, herdle, herdre, herdu1, herdu2, herebout, heriet, *herlage, herlequin, herlon, herlot, herluïn, hermerel, heu, heü, *heus, hez1, hiiz, hillereberie, *hin, hine1, hine2, his, ho1, ho2, hogastre, hoget, hoi, hoillier, holete, hondin.
Vol. H 4–5 (2000):
*horlon, horns, horson, hosebonde, hot, hote, hottrez, hou1, hou2, *houille, houp, houre, houtrir, hu, huan, huchier, hucour, hudhud, hüet1, hüet2, hui, huissier, hulke2, huo, huper, hure2, huteys, huz, hyne1, hyne2. Additions: gavete, geaim, gim, grebeleüre, grinniun, ha3, ha4, he3, he4, hez2, hke.
Vol. I, No. 1 (2001):
ïa1, ïa2, idne, *ie, iemise, ieppe, ier, ierne, *ieus, ihan, imbelle, *imporve, imprecacion, impregnacion, *inabitable, *inabiter, inbaiver, incendiaire, incense, incensif, incension, incider, incision, incliner, inclit.
Vol. I, No. 2 (2002):
indication, index1, index2, indigence, indigent, indigestible, indigestibilityindigestion, *indignabond, indulgence, induration, indescribable, inestimable, inevitable, infangenthef, infertility, infect, infirm, infirm, yam, crouch, inhom, insculpter, insipid, establish, instigate, instinct, instrument, island, interregnum, interroi.
Vol. I, No. 3/4 (2003):
[gerouwaide], [glarge], investir, invidicion, irele, iringe, irois, isac, *israeliciien, item, ivoire, ivron, iwerve.
Vol. 1 (2004):
j, yes, yes chi/chie, jafe, jafreite, jai1, *jai2, jaiet, jailloté, *jaine, jaiole, jalir, jaloie, jaloine, jamas, jance, jane1, *jane2, *janet, jare2, *jargel, *jaroil, *jaroillier, jaschiere.
Vol. 2 (2005):
jaschiere, jaser, jasse, jate, jauge1, jauge2, jehui, jemble, jo.
Vol. J 3 (2006):
jogler1, jogler2, joindrage, joindre1, joindre2, *joinson, [jonc], jonction, *joner.
Vol. J 4 - K (2008):
jordanian, joscle, josüé, jou, jugnere, juïf, juïse, julban, junior, jus1, jus2, k, kaf2, kele1, kernille, kersey, koauge, kuskenole.
Vol. F 1 (2012):
faisse, faitas, fasces, fassie.
Vol. F 2 (2014):
feccion, fessee, feste3, ficelle.
Vol. F 3 (2016):
finporter, *fisse, fissele.
Vol. F 4–5 (2018):
flodegate, flor2, flore, foace, foier, foimain, foire1, foisne, foment, fomentacïon, fomenter, fomite, fonction, fondacïon, foolair.
Vol. E1 (2019):
enche.
Vol. E2-3 (2020):
ennelin, ental dental, enteime, *eptagone, ercolin, escaver, estandart, estanfort, estibourne, etymology, estinc, exorcism.

D. Essays; published lectures

The DEAF (Dictionnaire étymologique de l'ancien français, Bulletin des jeunes romanistes (Strasbourg) 18/19 (1973) 163–184; [This issue of the BJR was also published separately: K. Baldinger, Introduction aux dictionnaires les plus importants pour l'histoire du français, Paris (Klincksieck) 1974 (Bibl. fr. et rom. D.8)].
Ancien français «gaisse, vasse, gacel», Journal of Romance Philology [ZrP] 91 (1975) 108–113.
The Contribution of Technical Texts to Lexicology: Anglo-Norman Agricultural Terminology, 14th International Congress of Romance Linguistics and Philology, Naples, April 15–20, 1974, Proceedings, Vol. 4, Naples (Macchiaroli) – Amsterdam (Benjamins) 1977, 143–157.
“Huon d’Auvergne” / “Ugo d’Alvernia”: A Subject for French or Italian Lexicography?, Medioevo Romanzo 4 (1977) 312–325.
[See also: Studi francesi 22 (1978) 448–449; BBSRencesvals 12 (1979–80) 83.]
(with Steven Fischer) “Une charte française originale de 1302,” in *Beiträge zum romanischen Mittelalter* (Special Volume Commemorating the 100th Anniversary of the ZrP), Tübingen (Niemeyer) 1978, 335–338.
“On the Mechanism of Synonymic Derivation,” Festschrift for Kurt Baldinger, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 1979, 465–472.
Agn. AFRE / AVER. A Study in the History of Language and the History of Science, *Archive for the Study of Modern Languages and Literatures* 218 (1981) 129–136.
Remarks on the philological foundations of a Middle French dictionary, *From Word to Text*, Proceedings of the Third International Colloquium on Middle French, Düsseldorf, September 17–19, 1982, pp. 49–56, P. Wunderli, Tübingen (Narr) 1981.
"The Dating of the Vocabulary in Printed Editions of Ancient Texts," Revue de Linguistique romane [RLiR] 46 (1982) 3–28.
[Review: Studi francesi 81 (1983) 593–594.]
On Data Research: Festschrift for Johannes Hubschmid on His 65th Birthday. Contributions to General, Indo-European, and Romance Linguistics, ed. by O. Winkelmann and M. Braisch, Bern–Munich (Francke) 1982, 691–704.
Philology and Etymology: Old English "Mutterschaf," ZrP 98 (1982) 533–539.
(with R. Düchting) Åke Grafström: Bibliographic note on the occasion of his 65th birthday (December 24, 1982), RLiR 46 (1982) 395–399.
The Printing of Scholarly Works Using Electronic Data Processing, Romance Studies and Data Processing 1981, Proceedings of the “Romance Studies and Data Processing” Section of the German Romance Studies Conference, Regensburg 1981, ed. by U.L. Figge, Dudweiler (AQ-Verlag) 1984 (Linguistics – Computational Linguistics 7), 172–180.
Afr. CROUN, alias CROIM, "criblure," a recently created phantom, RLiR 48 (1984) 341–347.
Structural Semantic Analysis and Context. Terms for Sheep in Technical Texts, Proceedings of the 4th International Colloquium on Middle French (Sept. 22–24, 1982), ed. A. Dees, Amsterdam (Rodopi) 1985, pp. 119–142.
Twenty years in the making: the *Dictionnaire étymologique de l'ancien français* (DEAF), *Ruperto Carola* 74, Heidelberg 1986, 52–58.
Paleo-ethnobotany and Etymology: GROSEILLE, RLiR 50 (1986) 527–541.
The Material Bibliography of the Encyclopédie : Original Editions and Pirated Editions, in: D. Harth and M. Raether (eds.), Denis Diderot or the Ambivalence of the Enlightenment. Heidelberg Lecture Series on the International Diderot Year 1984, Würzburg (Königshausen und Neumann) 1987, 63–89.
[See: Biblos 36 (1987) 218f; Recherches sur Diderot et sur l'Encyclopédie 4 (1988) 164–165; Lendemains 13 (1988) 118–120; Tijdschrift voor Filosofie 3 (1988) 571; Aufklärung 3,2 (1988) 130–133; Oeuvres et Critiques 14,1 (1989) 144–145; AnS 226 (1989) 208–209.]
Principles of Compilation and Etymology: A Systematic Approach to the Entries in Godefroy’s Supplement and Its Unpublished Materials, Travaux de Linguistique et de Philologie 26 (1988) 173–189 [= French Lexicography from the 18th to the 20th Century, International Colloquium on Lexicography, Düsseldorf, Sept. 23–26, 1986, Proceedings ed. B. von Gemmingen - M. Höfler, Paris (Klincksieck) 1988 [1989] (Actes et Coll. 27), 173–189].
How Proficient Was the Cruscante Francesco Redi in Old Italian? Or: Must Dictionaries Remain Secondary Literature?, Italian Studies 11 (1988) 93–113.
FEW, Materials of Unknown Origin: Etymologization of Word Types, published in K. Baldinger, Etymologies. Studies on FEW 21–23, 1, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 1988: Nos. 16, 34b, 69, 126, 136, 141, 228, 231, 431, 655, 730, 1329, 1332, 1337, 1339, 1342, 1348, 1430, 1681, 1685, 1721, 1730, 1846.
1. Entries for FEW 21–23: awall. coppet (FEW 222,281a); agn. haspe (FEW 222,280a); afr. mangun (FEW 222,280a); afr. mesgant (FEW 222,280a); etc.
"Blind Spots in the Lexicography of Romance Languages: The Historical Domain," Proceedings of the 18th International Congress of Romance Linguistics and Philology, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 1989, vol. 4, pp. 33–38.
"Theory and Practice in Stones' Anglo-Norman Dictionary," ZrP 107 (1991), 418–442 [review].
"Les matériaux Lacurne," Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Romance Linguistics and Philology, Santiago de Compostela 1989, A Coruña (Pedro Barrié de la Maza Foundation) 1992, 2, 69–75.
Methodological Considerations on the Analysis of Scholarly Texts, in Studies on Romance Scholarly Texts from the Middle Ages and Early Modern Period, ed. by G. Mensching and K.-H. Röntgen, Hildesheim–Zurich–New York (Olms) 1995, 139–145.
(with K. Baldinger) On the Transport of Wine by Water in 1295, ZrP 111 (1995) 51–55.
Obituary: Johannes Hubschmid, RLiR 59 (1995) 341–343.
Songniarins. A Mystery Solved with a Touch of Philology, Studies in Linguistics and Philology in Honor of Antoni M. Badia i Margarit, vol. 2, Barcelona (Montserrat) 1995, 5–9.
A review of lexicological work on Middle French, with a discussion of definition, in *Le moyen français*. Proceedings of the 8th International Colloquium on Middle French, Nancy 1994; in B. Combettes and S. Monsonégo, eds., *Le moyen français*(Paris: CNRS, INaLF, and Didier, 1997), pp. 195–210.
Unity and Diversity in the Semasiological Field: The Example of the Anglo-NormanDictionary, in *De mot en mot: Aspects of Medieval Linguistics. Essays in Honor of William Rothwell*, ed. S. Gregory and D.A. Trotter, Cardiff (University of Wales Press) 1997, pp. 127–146.
Edition and Lexicography, in *Alte und neue Philologie*, ed. M.-D. Gleßgen and F. Lebsanft, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 1997, pp. 153–166.
Critical Lexicography: The Etymology of French *gris* and Italian *grigio*, TraLiPhi 35/36 (1997) [= Essays on French and Romance Lexicography and Linguistics in Memory of Manfred Höfler, ed. M. Bierbach et al.], 299–316.
Afr. haraz : A Case of Lexicographical Construction, RLiR 61 (1997) 439–452.
Individual signed articles in K. Baldinger, Etymologies. Studies on FEW 21–23, 1, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 1988 (ZrP-Beih. 218), 2, 1998 (288): Nos. 49; 122; 126; 136; 286; 2529; 2536; 2564; 2566; 2648; 2748; 2789; 2815; 2817; 3053; 3070; 3085; 3227; 3234; 3254; 3359; 3590; 3593; 3686; 3727; 3773; 3774; 3851; 3854; 3860; 3867; 3868; 3869; 3870; 3875; 3878; 3935; 4004.
"Crusade Vocabulary: Exotic Decorum or Cultural Adoption?", in M. Bierbach and B. von Gemmingen, Cultural and Linguistic Borrowing: The Assimilation of the Foreign, Bonn (Rom. Verl.) 1999 (Essays on Language and Literature 123), 104–118.
[Review: R. Trachsler, VRo 59 (2000) 214–215.]
“Onefold Lexicography for a Manifold Problem?”, in D.A. Trotter, *Multilingualism in Later Medieval Britain*, Woodbridge (Boydell & Brewer) 2000, 157–168.
Guai victis! The Problem of the Initial"G" in the Roman Language, Medioevo Romanzo 24 (2000) [2001] 5–81.
The Future of Historical Lexicology: A New Perspective (Heidelberg, June 28–30, 2001), [in collaboration with Jean d’Yvoire], Bulletin of the French Historical Mission in Germany 37 (2001) 95–100.
[unsigned] Heidelberg Declaration on the Future of Historical Lexicography, *Das Mittelalter. Perspektiven mediävistischer Forschung* 6,1 (2001) 183–185.
[Reprint of the French version of the Heidelberg Declaration, under the title L’héritage culturel européen et la lexicologie du XXIe siècle: La déclaration de Heidelberg, in Estudis romànics, Barcelona, 24 (2002) 203–206.]
Review and Outlook, in Th. Städtler, Scholarly Lexicography in the German-Speaking World, Heidelberg (Winter) 2003, 33–47.
“Le Godefroy: Is It Still a Valid Source in the 21st Century?”, in Frédéric Godefroy – Proceedings of the 10th International Colloquium on Middle French, ed. F. Duval, Paris (Écoles des Chambres) 2003 (Mémoires et Documents 71), 279–294.
Seme und Sachen, in *Historische Semantik in den romanischen Sprachen*, eds. F. Lebsanft and M.-D. Gleßgen, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 2004 (Ling. Arb. 483), 71–77.
Albert Henry, philologist, in *Hommage à Albert Henry*. Proceedings of the conference held on February 22, 2003, at the Sorbonne, organized by André Guyaux and Marc Wilmet, Royal Academy of Belgium, Class of Letters, Brussels 2004, 33–41.
“Words, Too, Are History,” Ruperto Carola 2/2004, Heidelberg 2004, 30–36.
English Standard. An example of the history of words and concepts in French and English, in English and Romansh, ed. by Wolfgang Dahmen et al., Tübingen (Narr) 2005, 53–75.
“The DEAF – The Foundation of a Linguistic Atlas of Old French?”, in *Differential Lexicography of French and the Dictionary of Regionalisms of France*, Proceedings of the Symposium in Honor of Pierre Rézeau, Strasbourg 2003, ed. M.-D. Gleßgen – A. Thibault, Strasbourg (University Press) 2005, 99–113.
The Importance of Source Criticism in Etymology, in É. Buchi, Proceedings of the Seminar on Methodology in Etymology and Lexicon History, Nancy (ATILF) 2006, 17 pp.
“The Beginnings of French Geometric Writing in the 13th Century,” in *The Writing of Scientific Texts in the Middle Ages*, ed. Cl. Thomasset, Paris (PUPS) 2006, pp. 93–116.
“Man, the Only Historical Being,” a lecture delivered in June 2006 at the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, as part of the “We Research for You” series.
*Le Dictionnaire étymologique de l’ancien français* (DEAF), in *Comptes Rendus des séances de l’année 2006* (Académie des Inscriptions & Belles-Lettres), Paris (Diff. de Boccard) [2006], 2009, 2117–2129.
"Scientific Lexicography and Its Deeper Meaning," in *Fruits from the Tree of Knowledge: A Festschrift for the Research Associates*, eds. Ditte Bandini and Ulrich Kronauer, Heidelberg (Universitätsverlag Winter) 2009, 85–96.
Two Auxiliary Sciences: Historical Philology and Geology. The Case of Alum, in The Origins of Geology from Antiquity to the Middle Ages. Proceedings of the international conference, March 10–12, 2005, Paris Sorbonne (Paris IV), edited by Claude Thomasset, Joëlle Ducos, and Jean-Pierre Chambon, Paris (Champion) 2010, pp. 407–436.
"In Search of Meaning: The Vague and Colors," in *The 'Logic' of Meaning: On the Propositions of Robert Martin*, ed. Frédéric Duval, Metz (University) 2011 (Rech. ling. 32), 259–280.
Editing, Lexicology, and the Scientific Mind, in: Trotter, David (ed.): Present and Future Research in Anglo-Norman / La recherche actuelle et future sur l’anglo-normand: Proceedings of the Aberystwyth Colloquium, July 2011 / Actes du Colloque d’Aberystwyth, juillet 2011, Aberystwyth (Anglo-Norman Online Hub), 2012, 1–13.
"Semantic Analysis of the Ancient Lexicon," in: Heinz, M. (ed.): Dictionaries and Translation, Berlin (Frank & Timme) 2012 (Metalexicography 3), 27–58.
"Questions of Intuition in Lexicography," in: Perfumes and Scents in the Middle Ages: Science, Use, Symbols, [Louvain Conference 2012], edited by Agostino Paravicini Bagliani, Florence (SISMEL, Ed. del Galuzzo) 2015, 181–203.
“Jésus le forgeron: Analysis of Meaning and Extralinguistic Knowledge,” in: M. Bernsen et al. (eds.): Historical Linguistics as Philological Cultural Studies. Festschrift for Franz Lebsanft on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday, Bonn (University Press) 2015, 451–477.
“The Art of the Editorial Glossary,” in David Trotter (ed.), *Manual of Editorial Philology*, Berlin (De Gruyter) 2015, 397–437.
On the Historical Isolation of Law French: The Case of the ‘Nouvelle Dessaisine’, in: 4th Anglo-Norman Studies Conference. Anglo-Norman: Cultural Specificities of a Language, ed. Robert Martin and Michel Zink, Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Paris (AIBL) 2016, 89–139; id. in CRAI 2015 (2016) 759–812.
"Regional Variation in the DEAF: History and Scope," in: M. Glessgen and D. Trotter (eds.), Lexical Regional Variation in Medieval French, Strasbourg (ÉLiPhi) 2016, 37–50.

E. Broadcasting and Video

Language: Repository and Mirror of Cultures, SWR2 Aula, December 1, 2001, 8:30–9:00 a.m.
Contributions in Frank Niess, *Lexicography*, SWR2 Campus, October 19, 2002, pp. 1005–1030.
Contributions in Frank Niess, “Vocabulary Reflects Culture: The Work of Historical Lexicographers,” SWR2 Wissen, January 8, 2003, 8:30–9:00 a.m.
Video recording from the Institut de France, AIBL: “The Historical Isolation of ‘French Law’: The Case of the ‘Nouvelle Dessaisine’,” May 29, 2015.

F. Meetings

A.J. Greimas, *Dictionnaire de l'ancien français jusqu'au milieu du XIVe siècle*, Paris (Larousse) 1969; *Etudes littéraires* (Québec) 2 (1969) 360–364.
R. Mantou, *Le Censier d'Herchies de 1267*, with an introduction by J. Nazet, Brussels (Palais des Académies) 1974 (excerpt from the *Bulletin de la Commission royale d'Histoire* CXL, pp. 1–255); *ZrP* 92 (1976), 547–551.
(with K. Baldinger) Ina Spiele, *Li romanz de Dieu et de sa Mere* by Herman de Valenciennes, canon and priest (12th century), Leiden (University Press) 1975; *ZrP* 93 (1977) 142–144.
International Medieval Bibliography, January–June 1976; July–December 1976; January–June 1977, directed by P.H. Sawyer, edited by R.J. Walsh, Leeds (University of Leeds) 1976–1977; ZrP 94 (1978) 640–641.
A. de Mandach, The Origins and Development of the Chanson de Geste in Europe: III The Song of Aspremont, the Venice VI Manuscript, and Unpublished Anglo-Norman Texts British Museum Additional 35289 and Cheltenham 26119, A., Les cours d'Agoland et de Charlemagne, Geneva (Droz) 1975 (Publ. rom. et fr. 134); ZrP 95 (1979) 174–176.
F. Vielliard, Bibliotheca Bodmeriana, Catalogues, II: French Manuscripts of the Middle Ages, Cologny–Geneva (Martin Bodmer Foundation) 1975; ZrP 95 (1979) 413–417.
J. Alton and B. Jeffery, *Bele buche e bele parleure: A Guide to the Pronunciation of Medieval and Renaissance French for Singers and Others*, London (Tecla) 1976, 79 pp., with audio cassette; *ZrP* 96 (1980) 403–405.
R. Kempton, *French Literature: An Annotated Guide to Selected Bibliographies*, New York (Modern Language Association), 1981 (Selected Bibliographies in Language and Literature, ed. W.S. Achert, vol. 2); *ZrP* 97 (1981), 616–617.
R. White Linker, *A Bibliography of Old French Lyrics*, University of Mississippi (Romance Monographs), 1979 (Romance Monographs 31); *ZrP* 97 (1981), 618–620.
K.V. Sinclair, *French Devotional Texts of the Middle Ages: A Bibliographic Manuscript Guide*, Westport, Conn. – London (Greenwood Press), 1979; *ZrP* 97 (1981), 620–621.
L. Wolf and W. Hupka, Old French: Origins and Characteristics: An Introduction, Darmstadt (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft) 1981; RLiR 46 (1982) 189–191.
G.E. Brereton and J.M. Ferrier, *Le menagier de Paris*, Oxford (Clarendon) 1981; *RLiR* 46 (1982) 218–224.
H.J. Wolf, A History of the French Language, Heidelberg (Quelle & Meyer) 1979 (University Paperbacks 823); ZrP 98 (1982) 448–451.
A.J. Greimas, *Dictionnaire de l'ancien français jusqu'au milieu du XIVe siècle*, 2nd ed., Paris (Larousse) 1979; *ZrP* 98 (1982) 451–453.
S.N. Rosenberg and H. Tischler, *Chanter m'estuet: Songs of the Trouvères*, Bloomington (Indiana Univ. Press) [+ London - Boston (Faber)] 1981; *RLiR* 46 (1982) 496–498.
O. Derniame - M. Hénin - H. Naïs, *Les Sept Sages de Rome*, a 13th-century prose novel, based on manuscript no. 2137 of the National Library, edited by the Section for the Automatic Processing of Old French Texts at the C.R.A.L. (C.R.A.L. Publication 2), Nancy 1981; ZrP 99 (1983) 189–191.
R. Doehaerd et al.,Cijnsgronden te Herzele 14de eeuw, 1, The Cijns Book of the Manor, 2, The Property and Cijns Book of Saint Ghislain (Herzele Dossier 5), Brussels 1978; V. Meyhuys - F. Daelemans, The Oldest Domain Accounts of Herzele 1386–1394 ( Herzele Dossier 7), Brussels 1979; R. Mantou, Linguistic Study of the Oldest Domain Accounts, in French, from Herzele (1386–1394) (Herzele Dossier 10), Brussels 1981; ZrP 99 (1983) 420–421.
R. Post, Romance Loanwords in the West Central German Dialects. Diatopic, Diachronic, and Diastratic Studies on Linguistic Interference Using the Example of Agricultural Terminology, Wiesbaden (Steiner) 1982 (Mainz Studies in Linguistics and Folklore 6); ZrP 101 (1985) 371–374.
C. Storey, An Annotated Bibliography and Guide to Alexis Studies (La vie de Saint-Alexis), Geneva (Droz) 1987 (History of Ideas and Literary Criticism); ZrP 104 (1988) 529–530.
J. Bolton Holloway, Brunetto Latini: An Analytic Bibliography, London–Wolfeboro (Grant & Cutler) 1986; ZrP 104 (1988) 530–531.
C.C. Isoz, Sanson de Nantuil, The Proverbs of Solomon, London (ANTS) 1988 (Agn. Texts 44; 45); RLiR 54 (1990) 632–633.
D.B. Tyson, Rauf de Boun, Le Petit Bruit, London (ANTS) 1987 (Plain Texts Ser. 4); RLiR 54 (1990) 639.
R.C. Johnston, *Orthographia Gallica*, London (ANTS) 1987 (Plain Texts Ser. 5); RLiR 54 (1990) 640.
Françoise Vielliard and Jacques Monfrin, Bibliographic Manual of Robert Bossuat’s *Literature of the French Middle Ages*. Third Supplement (1960–1980), Vol. II: Old French, Chapters IV–IX; Middle French. Paris (CNRS), 1986; *RF* 105 (1993), 167–169.
Nigel Wilkins, Catalogue of the French Manuscripts of the Parker Library, Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, Cambridge (Parker Library Publications) 1993; The French Manuscripts of the Parker Library, Parker Library, Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. Proceedings of the Colloquium, March 24–27, 1993, pp. Nigel Wilkins, Cambridge (Parker Libr. Publ.) 1993; RLiR 58 (1994) 595–599.
Anglo-Norman Dictionary, vols. 5–7, ed. William Rothwell et al., London (Modern Humanities Research Association) 1988–1992; ZrP 112 (1996) 148–150.
Chrétien de Troyes. Complete Works, ed. D. Poirion et al., Paris (Gallimard) 1994; Chrétien de Troyes. Novels, followed by the Chansons, with Philomena as an appendix, ed. J.M. Fritz et al., Paris (Le Livre de Poche) 1994; RLiR 59 (1995) 620–623.
V. Klemperer, *I Will Bear Witness Until the Very End: Diaries 1933–1945*, ed. by W. Nowojski and H. Klemperer, 2 vols., Berlin (Aufbau) 1996; RLiR 61 (1997) 233–234.
A. Bielfeld, Methods of Collecting Evidence for the 'Vocabolario della Crusca', Tübingen (Niemeyer) 1996 (Beih. ZrP 261); RLiR 61 (1997) 235–236.
P. Stotz, Handbook of Medieval Latin, vol. 3: Phonology, Munich (Beck) 1996 (Handbook of Classical Studies II.5.3); VRo 57 (1998) 194–196.
Y. Otaka et al., *Mélanges Takeshi Shimmura*, Tokyo (France Tosho) 1998; *VRo* 58 (1999) 229–230.
S. Gregory and D.A. Trotter, “De mot en mot.” *Aspects of Medieval Linguistics: Essays in Honor of William Rothwell*, Cardiff 1997; *Zeitschrift für französische Sprache und Literatur* 109 (1999), 179–182.
P.W. Brosman, *The Rhine Franconian Element in Old French*, New York (Lang) 1999; *RLiR* 63 (1999) 587–593.
Edited by T. Matsumura, *Jourdain de Blaye in Alexandrines*, Geneva (Droz) 1999 (T. L. F. 520); *RLiR* 64 (2000) 282–285.
Werner Krauss, Linguistics and the History of Words, ed. B. Henschel, Berlin–New York (de Gruyter) 1997 (Das wissenschaftliche Werk 8); RF 112 (2000) 92–95.
Ruth J. Dean, in collaboration with M.B.M. Boulton, *Anglo-Norman Literature: A Guide to Texts and Manuscripts*, London (ANTS) 1999; *RLiR* 65 (2001) 583–586.
Y. Coutant, Terminology of the Medieval Mill in the County of Flanders, Tongeren–Liège (Michiels) 1994 (Mem. of the Royal Commission for Toponymy and Dialects 18); ZrP 117 (2001) 548–550.
H. Völker, *Skripta und Variation: Studies on Negation and Noun Inflection in Old French Documents from the County of Luxembourg (1237–1281)*, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 2003; *ZfSL* 115,2 (2005) 208–211.
N. Harano, *Vocabulary of Old French*. Proceedings of the Hiroshima Conference, March 26–27, 2004, Hiroshima (Keisuisha) 2005; *VRo* 65 (2006) 210–212.
D. Trotter, Albucasis: Traitier de Cyrurgie. Edition of the Old French translation of Abū’l Qāsim Halaf Ibn ‘Abbās al-Zahrāwī’s *Chirurgie* from the BNF manuscript, français 1318, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 2005 (Beih. ZrP 325); ZfSL 116 (2006) 326–328.
J.-H. Herbin, ed., La Vengeance Fromondin, Abbeville (Paillart) 2005 (SATF); VRo 66 (2007) 314–315.
The French translations of Gervais de Tilbury’s*Otia imperialia* by Jean d’Antioche and Jean de Vignay. Edition of the third part by D. Gerner and C. Pignatelli, Geneva (Droz) 2004; *Francia-Recensio* 2008/3, MÂ.
Marco Polo, The Description of the World, Vol. III: Emperor Kublai Khan. Critical edition edited by Ph. Ménard, J.-Cl. Faucon, D. Quéruel, and M. Santucci, Geneva (Droz) 2004 (T.L.F. 568); Vol. IV: Travels Through China. Critical edition published under the direction of Ph. Ménard by J. Blanchard and M. Quereuil, Geneva (Droz) 2005 (T.L.F. 575); Vol. V: Through Southern China. Critical edition published under the direction of Ph. Ménard by J.-Cl. Delclos and Cl. Roussel, Geneva (Droz) 2006 (T.L.F. 586); Francia-Recensio 2008/3, MÂ.; Vol. VI: Book of India. Return to the West. Critical edition published under the direction of Ph. Ménard by D. Boutet, Th. Delcourt, and D. James-Raoul, Geneva (Droz) 2009, 404 pp. (T.L.F. 597); Francia-Recensio 2009/4, MÂ.
Anglo-Norman Studies Conference organized by the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Palais de l'Institut, June 20, 2008; proceedings edited by André Crépin and Jean Leclant, Paris (AIBL, Diff. De Boccard) 2009; RLiR 74 (2010) 266–268.
The Anglo-Norman Language and Its Contexts, edited by Richard Ingham, York (York Medieval Press) – Woodbridge (Boydell & Brewer), 2010, 196 pp.; RLiR 75 (2011) 566–570.
Language and Culture in Medieval Britain: The French of England, c. 1100–c. 1500, edited by Jocelyn Wogan-Browne, York (York Medieval Press) – Woodbridge (Boydell & Brewer), 2009, 560 pp.; RLiR 75 (2011) 570–575.
Heinz Erich Stiene, Gervasius of Tilbury, *Kaiserliche Mußestunden. Otia imperialia*, 2 vols., Stuttgart (Hiersemann) 2009 (Bibliography of Medieval Literature 6/7); *Cahiers de Civilisation médiévale* 55 (2012) 98a–99b.

G. Short ads

A. de Mandach, “A Royal Wedding Present in the Making,” Nottingham Mediaeval Studies 18 (1974), 56–76; ZrP 91 (1975), 667.
A. de Mandach, *L'anthologie chevaleresque de Marguerite d'Anjou* (B.M. Royal 15/E/VI) and the workshops of Saint Augustine of Canterbury, Jean Wauquelin of Mons, and David of Hesdin, *Proceedings of the 6th International Congress of the Soc. Rencesvals, Aix-en-Provence 1974, 317–350; ZrP 91 (1975) 667–668.
A. Önnersfors, Physica Plinii Bambergensis (Cod. Bamb. med. 2, fol. 93v–232r), Hildesheim–New York (Olms) 1975 (Bibl. gr. et lat. suppl. 2); ZrP 92 (1976) 643–644.
E.C. Armstrong, *The Medieval French Roman d'Alexandre*, vol. VI: *Version of Alexandre de Paris*, Introduction and Notes to Branch III, ed. by A. Foulet, Princeton (Princeton University Press) 1976 (Elliott Monographs 42); *ZrP* 93 (1977) 669.
S. Monsonego, Morphology of the Verb in the Six Manuscripts of Geoffroy de Villehardouin’s *Conquest of Constantinople*, Comparative Indexes, Nancy (Center for Linguistic Research and Application at the University of Nancy II, Section for the Autonomous Treatment of Literary Texts) 1978 (Cahiers du C.R.A.L., 1st series, no. 32); ZrP 94 (1978) 662.
C. Hunt, *Lycidas and the Italian Critics*, New Haven–London (Yale Univ. Press) 1979; *ZrP* 95 (1979) 721.
Index of the Sept Sages de Rome, Ms. B.N. Fr. 2137, published by the Section for the Automatic Processing of Medieval Literary Texts, Nancy 1982 (Cahiers du C.R.A.L., 1st series, no. 39); ZrP 98 (1982) 661.
(with K. Baldinger) B.J. Levy, *Nine Verse Sermons by Nicholas Bozon: The Art of an Anglo-Norman Poet and Preacher*, Oxford (Society for the Study of Medieval Language and Literature) 1981; *ZrP* 98 (1982) 662–663.
Restaurator, International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material, 5,1-2 (1981-1982): Restoration of Book Paintings and Inks, Symposium at the University of Bremen, May 28–30, 1979, Copenhagen (Munksgaard) 1982; ZrP 99 (1983) 617.
M.R. Simoni-Aurembou, Parlers and Gardens in the Paris Suburbs in the 18th Century, Paris (Klincksieck) 1982; ZrP 99 (1983) 657–658.
I. Sullens (ed.), Robert Mannyng of Brunne, *Handlyng Synne*, Binghamton, N.Y. (State Univ.), 1983 (Med. and Renaiss. Texts and St. 14); *ZrP* 100 (1984) 698–699.
B. Munk Olsen, *The Study of Classical Latin Authors in the 11th and 12th Centuries*, Vol. I, *Catalogue of Classical Latin Manuscripts Copied from the 9th to the 12th Century: Apicius–Juvenal*, Paris (CNRS) 1982; *ZrP* 100 (1984) 701.
J.-J. Gaziaux, Cattle Farming in Jauchelette in the Brabant Dialect Region: A Dialectological and Ethnographic Study, Louvain-la-Neuve (Cabay) 1982 (Bibliography of the Cahiers de l'Institut de Linguistique de Louvain 22); ZrP 100 (1984) 743.
E.U. Crosby - C.J. Bishko - R.L. Kellogg, *Medieval Studies: A Bibliographical Guide*, New York - London (Garland) 1983; *ZrP* 101 (1985) 513.
H. Naïs et al., General Index of Lemmata from the B and D Manuscripts of Villehardouin and the 'Seven Sages of Rome', Nancy (Univ. II) 1984 (Cah. du C.R.A.L. 1, 40); ZrP 101 (1985) 532–533.
A. Viard, *Le cuisinier impérial, or The Art of Cooking and Pastry-Making for All Budgets*, with a preface by H. Viard, Paris (Champion) – Geneva (Slatkine) 1985 [reprint of the 1806 Paris edition]; *ZrP* 101 (1985) 555–556.
R. Librandi (ed.), St. Alphonsus M. de Liguori, Brevi avvertimenti di grammatica e aritmetica, Naples (M.D'Auria) 1984 (Radici 3); ZrP 101 (1985) 588.
T. Hunt (ed.), Rauf de Linham, *Kalender*, London (ANTS) 1983 (ANTS, Plain Texts Ser. 1); I. Short (ed.), Philippe de Thaon, *Comput*, London (ANTS) 1984 (ANTS, Plain Texts Ser. 2); T. Hunt (ed.), Les gius partiz des eschez, Two Anglo-Norman chess treatises, London (ANTS) 1985 (ANTS, Plain Texts Ser. 3); RLiR 51 (1987) 639–640.
M. Boulton (ed.), The Infancy of Jesus Christ, London (ANTS) 1985; RLiR 51 (1987) 640–641.
T. Heydenreich et al., Denis Diderot 1713–1784: Time, Work, Impact, Erlangen (University Association of Erlangen-Nuremberg/University Library of Erlangen-Nuremberg) 1984; ZrP 103 (1987) 521–522.
B.M. Olsen, The Study of Classical Latin Authors in the 11th and 12th Centuries, Vol. II, Catalogue of Classical Latin Manuscripts Copied from the 9th to the 12th Century, Livius–Vitruvius, Anthologies, Essays, Paris (CNRS) 1985; ZrP 103 (1987) 602.
R. Stuip (ed.), *La châtelaine de Vergy*, Paris (Oct. 1985 – Union générale d'éditions) 1985; *ZrP* 103 (1987) 620.
J. Beer (trans.), Master Richard's Bestiary of Love and Response, Berkeley/Los Angeles/London (University of California Press) 1986; ZrP 103 (1987) 621.
G. Ineichen, A Short Grammar of Old French: Phonology and Morphology [2nd revised and expanded edition of the title *Repetitorium der altfranzösischen Lautlehre*], Berlin (Schmidt) 1985; ZrP 103 (1987) 624.
F. Fazio, An Unknown Source for *Les livres du roy Modus et de la royne Ratio*, Bari (Schena) 1985 (Annals of the Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literatures at the University of Bari, 3rd series, VI,1); ZrP 103 (1987) 624–625.
Répertoire international des médiévistes / International Directory of Medievalists, 6th ed., Paris–London–Munich–New York (CNRS) 1987; ZrP 104 (1988) 528–529.
French Etymological Dictionary by Walther von Wartburg, fasc. 143–148 (vols. 24, 25, 22), ed. C.T. Gossen, J.-P. Chambon, M. Hoffert, Basel (Zbinden) 1982–1987; ZrP 104 (1988) 536–537.
Jean le Rond d'Alembert. Introduction to the *Encyclopédie*, ed. and with an essay by G. Mensching, Frankfurt (Fischer) 1989; *ZrP* 106 (1990) 730–731.
Albert Henry, *Esquisse d'une histoire des mots wallon et Wallonie*, 3rd rev. and expanded ed., Mont-sur-Marchienne (Jules Destrée Institute) 1990 (series: 'Notre Histoire'); *Vox Romanica* 53 (1994) 396.
C. Galderisi,*The Lexicon of Charles d'Orléans in the 'Rondeaux'*, Geneva (Droz) 1993; *ZrP* 114 (1998) 769–770.

Thomas Städtler, June 21, 1957 – June 3, 2024

Teaching

Adjunct Professor at the Department of Romance Languages at the University of Freiburg (since July 2013).
Assistant Professor at the Department of Romance Languages at the University of Freiburg (2008–2013).
Visiting professorship at the University of Nancy 2, February–April 2008.
Lecturer at the Franco-German Summer School on Romance Etymology, Nancy, ATILF, July 26–30, 2010.
Lecturer at the Summer School: Lexicographical Work, Bordeaux, International Association for Occitan Studies, July 9–12, 2007.

Collaboration on projects

Member of the Management Committee and the Steering Group of the COST Action“Medieval Europe – Medieval Cultures and Technological Resources”(2011–2015).
Chair of the Working Group on Textual Corpora and Reading Tools of the COST Action “Medieval Europe” (2011–2015).
International collaborator on the DETCOL project (Développement et exploitation textuelle d'un corpus d'oeuvres linguistiques) (2007–2011).
Proofreader for the“Base des mots-fantômes”project (ATILF, Nancy).
External contributor and proofreader for the *Révision sélective des notices étymologiques du Trésor de la Langue Française (TLF-Étym)*.
Edition of Baudri de Bourgueil’s Anglo-Norman account of the Crusades, accompanied by a comprehensive lexical analysis. Preparation of the compiled materials for the DEAF and AND dictionaries (a joint project of the DFG and AHRC, 2009–2012).
Ovid in French. The Origins, Evolution, and Reception of *Ovide Moralisé* (a joint project of the DFG and ANR, 2013–2016).

Other

Albert Dauzat Prize, awarded by the Société de Linguistique Romane, Nancy, 2013.

Music Links

Bibliography

A. Monographs

On the Origins of Standard French. Text Editions and Vocabulary Studies, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 1988. Supplements to the Journal of Romance Philology 223. X + 303 pp.
[Reviews and notices: B. Merrilees, *Romania* 109 (1988) 397–411; Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 50 (1988) 26; G. Price French Studies 44 (1990) 110–111; G. Roques RLiR 54 (1990) 302–302; L. Löfstedt Vox Romanica 49/50 (1990/91) 527–528; S. Heinimann ZrP 107 (1991) 213–215; E. Werner AnS 228 (1991) 421–424; S. Kowallik ZfSL 101 (1991) 320; J. Kramer Studi Francesi 36 (1992) 413–414; H.-J. Niederehe Romanische Forschungen 104 (1992) 190–192; Ch. Schmitt Romanistisches Jahrbuch 43 (1992) 187–189]
(with Sabine Tittel, Stephen Dörr, and Frankwalt Möhren) Guillaume de Digulleville. *Le Pelerinage de Vie humaine* – *The Pilgrimage to the Heavenly Jerusalem*, Darmstadt (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft) 2013 (with contributions by W. Metzger and K. Zimmermann, ed. by V. Probst).

B. Publishing Activities

Scientific Lexicography in the German-Speaking World, Heidelberg (Carl Winter Verlag) 2003, XII + 548 pp.
(with Stephen Dörr) Ki bien voldreit raisun entendre. Mélanges in honor of Frankwalt Möhren’s 70th birthday, Strasbourg (Éditions de linguistique et de philologie) 2012 (Bibliothèque de Linguistique Romane 9), XXX + 337 pp.
Guillaume de Digulleville: The Pilgrimage to the Heavenly Jerusalem, Darmstadt (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft) 2014
(with Craig Baker, Marianne Besseyre, Mattia Cavagna, et al.) *Ovide Moralisé*, Book I, Paris (F. Paillart) 2018 (Société des Anciens Textes Français), 2 vols., 988 pp.

C. Entries in the Dictionnaire étymologique de l’ancien français [DEAF]

Fascicle G5 (1988):
gigant, gimel, gimnologizere, *ginosophiste, giroudot, [*givre], gladiateur, [glai], [glaive], *glarie, [gliier/glicier], [gloire], *glopoiier, [glose].
Fascicle G6 (1989):
[glotir], [glu], gnomé, godebert, godeman, godemecin, godemine, godemite, godin, godiniere, goditoët, goësche, goet, goffrinech, gogue, goherel, goille, *gojon1, gojon2, gole, goleis, golene, golias, golie, goloper, golos, golot, golte, gomalt, gome1, gome2, gomer, gomoree, gonboné, gondele, gone, gonfanon, gont, gorderiemen, gorge, gorgocier, gorgueillon, *gorjos, gorle, gorre, gort1, *gort2, gosse, gost, goster, gote, gothieus, *gouascher, goud, goudeliz, goudet, goue, gouge, goulier, goume1, goume2, goupil, gourge, gout, goutefiere, gove.
Fascicle G7 (1993):
gover, governail, governer, goz, graal, grabaton, grace, graciier, gracios, gradation, grade1, gradif, graduel, grael1, grafe, grafiner, gragan, graife, [grain], graindain, graindre, graioler, gramaire1, gramaire2, gramatique1, grammar2, gramon, grandism, grant, grape, cluster, grate1, grate2, gratice, gratify, gratuity, congratulate, gravative, grave1, grave2, graveda.
Fascicle G8 (1994):
gravilleïs, gravir, gravisme, gravissement, gravité, gré1, gré2, gregier, gregorien, *grement, grenchoun, grene, grenon1, gres1, gres2, gresser, *greüs, greüsier, grevamen, grever, grief, grim, grimuche, *grin, grinellé, griscon, grisnier, grisoyer, gristel, groignier, groin, groisse, *groissor.
Volume G9/G10 (1995):
grometical, grommer, gronce, grondir/grondre, gronir, gros, groser, grosisme, grosse, *groté, *grumbaz, grumez, guaraut, guardireve, guarnelo, guasmul, gudderi, gueaaille, guerbis, guercin, guerfil, *guerineur, *guerlandois, guernart, guerp, guerpir, guerre, guerredon, guervise, *guessoi, gueste, gui, guiart, guidel, guigne1, guigne2, guignier1, guignier2, guignon, guihale, guiier/guider, guile, guimauve, guinde, guinon, guiper, guis, guische, guischet, *guischier, guit, guite, guiten, guitepire, guiton, gulucion, guolande, gurdeler, gurgulacion, gustatif, gutuy, gymel, gymnastique, *gynecocratie, *gyneconomie, *gyneconomos, gyri.
Fascicle H1 (1997):
habredache, hache1, hache2, hachipas, hackenail, hacutin, hadie, haguier, haignier, haignon, *haile, hailletel, haillon, haincelin, *hainouart, haïr, haire, haistaut, haldrobe, haler, halhaste, halife, halloer, halot, hamoingnier, hanche, *hanchier, hanekoke, hangeman, *hanker, hansac, hanscote, hanzir, hape, haquenee, hardi1.
Fascicle H2 (1998):
hardi2, hardie, hardoier, hardouin, haricier, harle, harlige, haroie, has1, has2, *hascher, haschiere, *haser, hasler, hasseus, haste, hature, haugeceme, haurir, hauseleamye, *havax, havredas, hawen, hayement, heaume, hebre, hecquier, heel, heet, hefmoder, heibote, heihove, heimelborch, heitevisch, hel, hele1, *helenger, helffurlingwort, helione, helm, helpe, hengwite, *henne, hennequin, henuer, her, herance, herbergier.
Fascicle H3 (1999):
here1, here2, hergnos, heriel, herion, *heriton, hermoiz, herneis, hertiu, heru1, heru2, *hesticie, hestol, hetoudeau, heueçongne, heuquette, *heurespois, heuwier, heux, heyde, hezas, hibondee, hibou, hicier, hiercopin, hignehan, higue, hildevraeth, hir, hiraut, hisde, hobeler, hobin, hoc, hochier, hockeday, *hoctel, hodilinki, hoigne, hoingnier, holagre, holsake, honir, *honke, honte.
Volume H4/H5 (2000):
hopembier, hoper, *horendre, houcque, houestre, hourel, hourer, housbote, househire, houtmarc, *hoverer, hoyrin, huche, hucongne, hudel, huerresson, huetsete, huge, huitart, huitefale, huitepure, hukestere, hule, hulie, humbeloc, hundestunge, hundred, hure1, hurebale, hurger, huricle, hurter, huscarle, hututu, huuel, huusoukinghe, huutvaert, huvardy, huvele, huvet.
Volume I1 (2001):
i1, i2, iauoutelle, *ibont, *icalct, *icocedron, *icoine, *iconome, *iconomie, *iconomique, *ictiofages, identity, ides, idiot, ieblecket, *ieke, *iekel, *iemal, *ïene, ies, ignare, ignavie, igneïié, ignicion, ignorable, ignorance, ignorer, ignot, ijeme, iken, il, illegal, illegitimate, illicit, illinicion, illiricïen, iluec, imbecillité, imbibition, immediate, *immisericors, *immoderate, immolation, filthy, immortality, immortal, immunity, immutable, to change, imperfect, inequality, to impart, impassive, impatient, impediment, to impede, impediment, to impel, to hang, impenitent, to think, imperable, emperor, imperative, imperation, imperfection, impersonal, impertinent, impeticion, implication, implement, complete, imply, implore, intolerable, impropriety, profanity, imprudence, impudence, immodest, starvation, inaugurate, carnality, incarnation, incarnate, originator, incest, incident, uncircumcised, undefined, incitement, incite, uncivil, included, inclusion, inclusively, incoative, *incöer, incolumity, incommelin, incommensurable, incommodity, incommutable, incomparably, incompassible, incompatible, incompetent, incomplete, incomprehensible, inconcessible, incongruous, incontinence, incontinent1, incontinent2, incorporeality, incorruptible, incorruption, incredible, incredulous, incredulity, uncreated, increment, increpation.
Volume I2 (2002):
reprimand, incubus, to accuse, there, indecent, indeclinable, deficient, indefinitely, *indefinite, indistinct, indicative, Indian, indifference, indifferent, indignation, unworthy, to outrage, indignity, Indian, indissoluble, indocile, indole, indolence, induction, to induce, induces, to induct, inductive, industry, ine, inexplicable, *infaciable, infallible, infamous2, infamous2, infancy, unfaithful, infidelity, minute, infinite, infinitive, infondre, *inforcier, misfortune, misfortune, infraction, infre, infrigidation, fruitless, infuse, infusion, inengineerable, engineer, ingenious, ingenuous, ingest, ingestion, inglorious, ingress, inhibition, *inhibit, initial, initiate, initiation, *injonccion, injure, inlaguier, innaturel, *innigiler, innoble, innocence, innocent1, innocent2, innovacion, innover, innumerable, inobedience, inobedient, inonction, inondacion, inonder, inquinacion, inrogance, insaciable, insacieté, insanable, insaniation, insané, inscience, inscient, insensibility, insensitive, inseparable, insert, insert, inset, inside, instigator, insignia, insinuation, insinuate, insipience, insist, *insite, instability, unstable, install, instance, instant, unbearable, intellect, intellect, intelligibility, intellectual, intellectuality, intellectual, intelligence, intelligible, intercalary, intercede, intercised, prohibit, interjection, interest, interfection, interlude, interim, interjection, interpretable, interpretation, interpreter, interpret, interrogation, interrogate, *introject, introjected, intrusion, enthronement, enthrone, intrusion, *inhuman, *inhumanity, *inumerate, useless.
Issue I3/I4 (2003):
investigation, to investigate, most invincible, to keep watch, invincible, entanglement, to peer into, invitation, invitatory, invitation, to invite, invocable, invocation, involuntary, to invoke, *ioman, iota, *iperphanie, ipia, *ipobaume, *ipophany, ipoquistidos, hypostasis, hypotame, iraconde, iracondie, iraistre, irascible, ire, iré, irony, *isaru, *iscier, isme, ismon, *isoden, isope, *ispisos, isselite, istoire, istorial, *istoriografe, *istu, *italiien, itineraire, iv, iver1, *ivernail, ivernal, iverner, *iwit.
Volume J1 (2004):
jacee, jacinte, jacobin, *jacobite, jacques, jactance, jacture, jaculus, jadis, jael, jaerghetide, jagonce, jaiant, jalos, jalu, jangler, janguot, *janney, jante3, japis, jaque, jare1, jarle, jarre, jarscare, *jascoine.
Fascicle J2 (2005):
*jascoine, jasdi, jasmin, jaune, je, jeu, jobarbe, joc, *jocond, *joconder, jocondité, joër.
Fascicle J3 (2006):
joër, joïr, jolif, jor.
Fascicle J4-K (2008):
jornage, jovedi, jovir, jueble, juesdi, juge, jugier, *jugulare, juguler, juil, juin, jujube, julep, juper, juratoire, jurer, jurrent, *jus3, *juseus, *jusive, jusquiame, jussel, justice, justification, justifiier, *juvableté, *juveor, kac, kauclier, kaurenel, *keine, keisel, kenape, kercmester, kertel, keute, kieute, kirieleison, *konciel.
Volume F1 (2012):
f, fa, fable, fabler, fabulacion, facet, *facetel, facond, faconde, facondieus, facondité, faile, failie, faitiz, falange, falco, fale, falsifier, familiarité, familiede, famle, famolain, famos, famulaires, famule, fanc, fane, fantasy, fantastic, farcel, farder, farlouper, fastel, fastengé, fastidier, fastner, fastrasie, fat, fatigue, fatigos, fatiguer, *faucastre, fauchier1, *fauchier2.
Volume F2 (2014):
faunet, faunier, faunos, fauste, fauterne, fautriere, favele, faveler, faxee, feltrey, femele, feminin, fendour, fendre, ferment, ferocier, ferocissime, ferruge, fervide, festinance, festination, festiner, fidelité.
Issue F3 (2016):
fiens, fieus, figurative, figuration, figure, fil1, filandre, fille2, *filopecune, fime, fiole, fir, fisc, *fisle, physiognomy, fissel, fissure, *fius, flage, flagicios, flaide, flain, flaissie.
Issue F4-5 (2018):
flaitile, flake, flamesche, flandrois, flaor, flape, flasche, flaschir, flaure, flave, flaviier, flection, flengue, flepier, flerie, *flet1, flete, fletir, flexibility, flexible, fliche, flique, flo, flodemark, floenne, flohaut, flomus, floquer, florence, florin, floternel, fluctuation, fluctuate, *fluctuos, fluxibility, fluxible, fluxion, fobert, focal, focile, fogier, foïr, foire2, fondefle, fondeor, fonder, fonge.
Volume E1 (2019):
e1, ebe, ebil, ebreing, ebrieu, *ebrios, edel, effeminacion, effeminer, *effectuos, effet1, effet2, effusion, *effutement, egerer, egestion, egetaine, egipcien, *egiptial, eine, elacion, elegletier, eligité, elin, elleuper, embevrer, emboivre, *embruschier, embut, *emlesgier, emolument, emomptoire, empedement, empestal, empreignier.
Issue E2-3 (2020):
enfeste, *engluive, engolsier, engrader, engraunde, enmugler, ensocir, entragne, eo, ephebe, epicene, epicercle, epicicle1, epitalamye, epus, eretique, ergne, ernol, *erroneos, esberucier, *escalot, escanbot, escoïz, escolastre, escun, escuruel, esmaiole, esnual, esophoire, espaer, *espagnol, espasme, espesche, espit, espoillier, esquiter, essaboïr, essechon, essel, estaberge, estaim, estipot, estor2, estraiment, etheroclite, etrivaine, eube, eubulie, euchariste, eustocie, eviscerer, excentrique, exeques, expletif, extasie.

D. Essays and Articles

From “the mouth that can eat without anything getting in the way” to “hell.” A philological note on line 2991 of *Besant de Dieu*, in: *Travaux de Linguistique et de Philologie* 30 (1992) 65–67.
"Du vit et de la coille," in: Revue de Linguistique Romane 59 (1995), 131–135.
"The FEW and the DEAF: A Contrastive Analysis," in: Cahiers de lexicologie 69 (1996), 145–157.
"Toward a Philological Interpretation of Old French Motet Texts," in: M.-D. Gleßgen and F. Lebsanft (eds.), Old and New Philology, Tübingen 1997, 189–200.
"Early Examples of French Grammatical Terminology," in: Travaux de Linguistique et de Philologie 37 (1999), 123–129.
Individual signed articles in K. Baldinger, *Etymologien. Untersuchungen zu FEW 21–23*, vol. 1, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 1988 (ZrP-Beih. 218), vol. 2, 1998 (288), vol. 3 (2003) (315): 447; 674; 676; 1291; 1323; 1501; 2675; 2752; 2991; 3012; 3194; 3264; 3509; 3583; 3592; 3617; 3642; 3700; 3724; 4264; 4309; 4446; 4489; 4536; 4560; 4954; 5133; 5443; 5485.
"The Asterisked Words in Godefroy's Lexicon," in: Proceedings of the Frédéric Godefroy Symposium, ed. Frédéric Duval, Paris 2003, pp. 207–278.
Two fragments of the lost Old French heroic epic *Chanson de Croissant*; in:*Preservation and Research: A Festschrift for Kurt Hans Staub on His 70th Birthday*, ed. by Wolfgang Schmitz, Michelstadt 2003, 282–305.
"On the Treatment of Euphemisms in Historical French Lexicography," in: Historical Semantics in the Romance Languages, ed. by Franz Lebsanft and Martin-Dietrich Gleßgen, Tübingen 2004, 129–139.
Nor is there any need for everything to be understandable to everyone (J. Grimm). Observations on the Compilation and Presentation of the Etymological Entries in the Computerized Treasury of the French Language, in: Buchi (Éva) (ed.), Proceedings of the Study Day “Historical French Lexicography: On the Update of the Etymological Entries in the Trésor de la langue française informatisé” (Nancy/ATILF, November 4, 2005), Nancy, ATILF (CNRS/Université Nancy 2/UHP), electronic publication), 2006, 6 pages.
"The Translator as Creator of Neologisms: The Case of Nicole Oresme," in: Proceedings of the Symposium on Scientific and Technical Lexicons, ed. by O. Bertrand, H. Gerner, and B. Stumpf, Editions de l'Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau 2007, 47–61.
Two fragments from the lost chanson de geste *Chanson de Croissant*, in: *Romania* 125 (2007), 213–228.
(with Éva Buchi) The Pragmaticalization of the Adverb "Enfin" from the Perspective of Romance Linguists ("Finally, from the perspective of French linguists who conduct their research within the framework of Romance linguistics"), in: World Congress of French Linguistics (Paris, July 9–12, 2008). Collection of abstracts, CD-ROM of proceedings, ed. by J. Durand, B. Habert, B. Laks, Paris (Institut de linguistique française), 159–171.
“Le pardon du foutre” – an Old French anticlerical satire, in: Mélanges Gilles Roques [in press].
Why a Lady Lost Her Nose in Marie de France. On Line 235 of the Lai "Bisclavret," in *Fruits of the Tree of Knowledge: A Festschrift for the Research Associates*, eds. Ditte Bandini and Ulrich Kronauer, Heidelberg (Universitätsverlag Winter) 2009, 435–442.
Etymological Dictionary of Old French (DEAF) - Old French Etymological Dictionary, in The Research Projects of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities , eds. Volker Sellin, Eike Wolgast, and Sebastian Zwies, Heidelberg (Universitätsverlag Winter) 2009, 179–184.
(with Sabine Tittel) How Painful Is the Tightrope Walk? Reflections on Scholarly Lexicography in the Early 21st Century: The Case of the DEAF, lecture delivered on September 5, 2009, as part of the "6th Working Meeting of German-Language Academy Dictionaries," September 3–5, 2009, Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities; electronic publication under "German Dictionary by Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm (DWB)" as a PDF file.
Evolutionary Lexicography: The Case of the History of the *Dictionnaire du Moyen Français*, in: *Zeitschrift für französische Sprache und Literatur*, 120 (2010), 1–13.
...And they enriched one another. Observations on the Interactions Between Medieval Latin and Medieval French, in: Lexical Influences from Other Languages on Medieval Latin, eds. Maurilio Pérez González and Estrella Pérez Rodríguez, Valladolid (University of Valladolid) – León (University of León) 2011, 299–317 [PDF file].
[with Francine Mora, Marylène Possamaï-Pérez, and Richard Trachsler] Ab ovo: The Manuscripts of the *Ovidemoralisé*: The Birth and Survival of a Text, in: *Romance Philology* 65 (2011) 121–142 [PDF file].
The Treatment of Anglo-Normanisms in the Dictionnaire étymologique de l'ancien français (DEAF), in: Trotter, David (ed.): Present and Future Research in Anglo-Norman / La recherche actuelle et future sur l’anglo-normand: Proceedings of the Aberystwyth Colloquium, July 2011 / Actes du Colloque d’Aberystwyth, juillet 2011, Aberystwyth (Anglo-Norman Online Hub), 2012, 179–185.
"On the Impossibility of Writing a Dictionary of Old French," in: Stephen Dörr / Thomas Städtler (eds.), Ki bien voldreit raisun entendre. Mélanges in Honor of Frankwalt Möhren’s 70th Birthday, Strasbourg (Éditions de linguistique et de philologie) 2012 (Bibliothèque de Linguistique Romane 9), 247–258.
Reflections on Text Type and Discourse Tradition in the Description of Text Corpora and Their Relevance to Lexicographical Research, in: Ingelore Hafemann (ed.), Perspectives on Corpus-Based Historical Linguistics and Philology: International Conference of the Academy Project “Dictionary of Ancient Egyptian” at the BBAW, December 12–13, 2011 (Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae 4), Berlin (Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities) 2013, 385–393 [PDF file].
Toward a Reconciliation of Theory and Practice: The Case of Historical Semantics, in: Buchi, Éva et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the 27th International Congress of Romance Linguistics and Philology (Nancy, July 15–20, 2013), Vol. I, Nancy (ATILF) 2016, 87–100. [PDF file].
"Regional French in a Latin Context after 1100," in: Glessgen, Martin / Trotter, David (eds.), Lexical Regionalism in Medieval French, Strasbourg (ÉLiPhi) 2016, 269–286.
The rest is not silence, but something more—but what exactly? Afr. sorplus, in: Anna-Susan Franke, Vicente Álvarez-Vivez (eds.), Romaniae Pontes. Contributions to Language in Gallo- and Iberoromania, Berlin (Peter Lang) 2018, 351–363.
[with Yan Greub] “Le lexique de l’Ovide Moralisé,” in Craig Baker, Marianne Besseyre, Mattia Cavagna et al. (eds.), Ovide Moralisé, Book I, Paris (F. Paillart) 2018 (Société des Anciens Textes Français), vol. 1, pp. 169–181.
"Lexicography in Germany" [translated by Félix Valentín Bugueño Miranda], in: Bugueño Miranda, Félix Valentín, and Laura Campos de Borba (eds.), Manual of (Meta)Lexicography, Goiânia, Goiás (Editora Espaço Acadêmico), 2019, 113–118.

E. Meetings and Notices

Michael A. Covington, *Syntactic Theory in the High Middle Ages: Modistic Models of Sentence Structure*, Cambridge (Cambridge University Press) 1984, 163 pp.; *Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie* 102 (1986) 639–641.
Irène Rosier, *La grammaire spéculative des Modistes*, Lille (Presses Universitaires de Lille) 1983, 223 pp.; *Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie* 103 (1987) 126–127.
Bernhard Bischoff, Paleography of Roman Antiquity and the Western Middle Ages, 2nd revised edition (Fundamentals of German Studies, 24), Berlin (Erich Schmidt) 1986, 377 pp.; Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 103 (1987) 601.
Nelly Andrieux-Reix, *Ancien français, Fiches et vocabulaire* (Etudes littéraires, 17), Paris (Presses Universitaires) 1987, 248 pp.; *Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie* 104 (1988) 539–540.
Tobler-Lommatzsch, Dictionary of Old French. Materials left by Adolf Tobler, edited and published by Erhard Lommatzsch, continued by Hans Helmut Christmann, 88th installment, First installment of Volume 11, U–venteler, Wiesbaden (Steiner) 1989, col. 1–192; Vox Romanica 49/50 (1990/91) 524–527.
French Etymological Dictionary. A Survey of the Gallo-Roman Lexicon, by Walther v. Wartburg (+), edited by Jean-Pierre Chambon, fasc. no. 151, vol. XXV (revised edition of vol. I), aspergere - *assulare2, pp. 481–576, Basel (Zbinden) 1990; Revue de Linguistique Romane 55 (1991) 547–551.
*Le Roman des Sept Sages de Rome*. A Critical Edition of the Two Verse Redactions of a Twelfth-Century Romance, edited by Mary B. Speer, Lexington, Kentucky (French Forum, Publishers) 1989, 398 pp.; *Revue de Linguistique Romane* 55 (1991) 607–608.
Chrétien, *Guillaume d'Angleterre*, critical edition by A.J. Holden (Textes Littéraires Français, 360), Geneva (Droz) 1988, 237 pp.; *Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie* 107 (1991) 201–203.
Gautier d'Arras, Ille et Galeron, ed. Yves Lefèvre, Paris (Champion) 1988, 257 pp.; Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 107 (1991) 481–484.
Tobler-Lommatzsch, Dictionary of Old French. Materials left by Adolf Tobler, edited and published by Erhard Lommatzsch, continued by Hans Helmut Christmann, 89th installment, Second installment of Volume 11, venteler - vïaire, Stuttgart (Steiner) 1991, col. 193–384; Vox Romanica 51 (1992) 284–288.
Tobler-Lommatzsch, Dictionary of Old French. Materials from the estate of Adolf Tobler, edited and published by Erhard Lommatzsch, continued by Hans Helmut Christmann, 90th installment, third installment of Volume 11, vïaire - vistece, Stuttgart (Steiner) 1993, col. 385–576; Vox Romanica 53 (1994) 350–353.
Chrétien de Troyes, *Cligés*, edited by Stewart Gregory and Claude Luttrell, Cambridge 1993, xxxviii + 389 p. (Arthurian Studies 28); *Vox Romanica* 53 (1994) 328–329.
Guillaume de Palerne, edited with an introduction, notes, and glossary by Alexandre Micha (Textes Littéraires Français, 384), Geneva (Droz) 1990, 351 pp.; Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 110 (1994) 533–537.
Jacques Thomas (ed.),Renaut de Montauban, Critical Edition of the Douce Manuscript (Textes Littéraires Français, 371), Geneva (Droz) 1989, 807 pp.; Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 110 (1994) 537–539.
Sven Sandqvist (ed.), *Le Dyalogue Saint Gregoire*, edition with introduction, notes, and glossary (Etudes Romanes de Lund, 42), Lund (Lund University Press) 1989, 2 vols., 1021 pp. - Olle Sandqvist (ed.), La vie de Saint Grégoire, published with an introduction, notes, and glossary (Etudes Romanes de Lund, 43), Lund (Lund University Press) 1989, 238 pp.; Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 110 (1994) 541–544.
Martin Hessenauer, *La lumière as Lais*: Pierre de Peckham’s Presentation of Scholastic Theology, Wiesbaden (Reichert) 1989; *Revue de Linguistique Romane* 59 (1995) 322–323.
Sven Sandqvist (ed.), *La vie de saint Évroul*, a 14th-century Norman poem, published with an introduction, notes, and a glossary (Etudes Romanes de Lund, 48), Lund (Lund University Press) 1992, 212 pp.; *Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie* 111 (1995) 295–299.
The Synonymy of the Names of Greek, Latin, and Arabic Medicines. A Study and Critical Edition by Guido Mensching, Madrid (Arco Libros) 1994, 405 pp.; Romanistisches Jahrbuch 46 (1995) 406–409.
The Lyric Works of Blondel de Nesle. Texts. Critical edition with an introduction, notes, and glossary by Yvain G. Lepage (Nouvelle Bibliothèque du Moyen Age, 22), Paris (Champion) 1994, 581 pp.; Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 113 (1997) 125–128.
Girart d'Amiens: *Escanor*, a late 13th-century Arthurian romance in verse, critical edition by Richard Trachsler (Textes Littéraires Français, 449), Geneva (Droz) 1994, 2 vols., 1085 pp.; Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 113 (1997) 131–133.
Denis Foulechat, *Le Policratique de Jean de Salisbury* (1372), Books I–III, critical edition with introduction, notes, and glossary by Charles Brucker (Publications Romanes et Françaises, CCIX), Geneva (Droz) 1994, 449 pp.; Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 113 (1997) 136–139.
Tobler-Lommatzsch, Dictionary of Old French. Adolf Tobler’s posthumous materials, edited and published by Erhard Lommatzsch, continued by Hans Helmut Christmann, 91st installment, fourth installment of Volume 11, vistece – vonjement, Stuttgart (Steiner) 1995, col. 577–768; Vox Romanica 56 (1997) 316–318.
Gabriel Bianciotto (ed.), *Le roman de Troyle*, Rouen (Publications de l'Université de Rouen 75) 1994, 2 vols., 859 pp.; *Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen und Literaturen* 235 (1998) 210–214.
Maria Colombo Timelli, French Translations of Donatus’s *Ars minor* in the Middle Ages (13th–15th Centuries), Florence (La Nuova Italia Editrice) 1996, 244 pp.; *Revue de Linguistique Romane* 62 (1998) 558–560.
Jan Fennis, *Trésor du langage des galères*, Tübingen (Niemeyer) 1995, 3 vols., XIII + 2012 pp. (Lexicographica Series Maior 61–63); *Vox Romanica* 57 (1998) 305–308.
The Songs of Eustache le Peintre, a critical edition edited by Maria Luisa Gambini, Fasano (Schena) 1997, 337 pp.; Vox Romanica 58 (1999) 277–279.
Tony Hunt, *Sermons on Joshua*, London (Birkbeck College) 1998, 2 vols., 31 pp. + 38 pp.; *Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie* 117 (2001) 317–322.
Alan Hindley, Frederick W. Langley, Brian J. Levy, Old French–English Dictionary, Cambridge (Cambridge University Press) 2000, xv + 621 pp.; Vox Romanica 61 (2002) 342–344.
Tobler-Lommatzsch, Dictionary of Old French. Adolf Tobler’s posthumous materials, edited and published by Erhard Lommatzsch, continued by Hans Helmut Christmann, completed by Richard Baum and Willi Hirdt, with the collaboration of Brigitte Frey, 92nd installment, Fifth and final installment of Volume XI (vonjement – zure), Wiesbaden (Franz Steiner Verlag) 2002, pp. 769–938; Vox Romanica 62 (2003) 278–288.
Claude Buridant (ed.), Middle French. Textual Analysis (edition, critical apparatus, glossary, electronic processing). Proceedings of the 9th International Colloquium on Middle French, held May 29–31, 1997, by the Center for Romance Linguistics and Philology and the National Institute of the French Language, Strasbourg: Presses Universitaires 2000, X + 276 pp.; Romanische Forschungen 116 (2004) 533–535.
Tobler-Lommatzsch, Dictionary of Old French. Electronic edition designed and produced by Peter Blumenthal and Achim Stein, Wiesbaden (Franz Steiner Verlag) 2002; Vox Romanica 63 (2004) 336–338.
Guernes of Pont-Sainte-Maxence, *The Life of Saint Thomas of Canterbury*, edited, translated, and annotated by Jacques T. E. Thomas, Leuven–Paris (Peeters) 2002, 2 vols., 352 and 423 pp. (Ktēmata 15 and 16); Vox Romanica 63 (2004) 329–331.
Frédéric Godefroy, Dictionary of Old French and All Its Dialects from the 9th to the 15th Century (1880–1902), electronic edition published by Claude Blum, presented by Jean Dufournet, Paris (Champion Electronique) 2002, 1 CD-ROM and a 48-page manual; Vox Romanica 64 (2005) 322–324.
Anna Chryssafis, The Creation of Neologisms in Medieval French: A Study of Selected Texts from the Late 13th and Early 14th Centuries, Including *The Romance of the Rose* and *The Consolation of Philosophy* by Jean de Meun, Edsbruk, Akademitryck, 2003, iv + 235 pp.; Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 121 (2005) 741–742.
G. A. Bertin (ed.), Le Moniage Rainouart III, vol. II, Paris (Paillart) 2004, 260 pp.; Vox Romanica 66 (2007) 291–293.
Gautier de Coincy, *The Miracle of the Chaste Empress*. Translated, with text and notes by Annette Llinarès Garnier, Paris (Champion) 2006, 243 pp. (Translations of French Medieval Classics 75); *Vox Romanica* 66 (2007) 299–301.
William Rothwell et al. (eds.), Anglo-Norman Dictionary. Second edition. A revised and expanded edition of the dictionary first published by the Modern Humanities Research Association in conjunction with the Anglo-Norman Text Society (1977–1992). A–E (Publications of the Modern Humanities Research Association, 17), London: Maney Publishing for the Modern Humanities Research Association, 2005, L + 1107 pp.; Zeitschrift für französische Sprache und Literatur 118 (2008) 87–90.
Céline Guillot / Serge Heiden / Sophie Prévost (eds.), In Search of Meaning: Literary, Historical, and Linguistic Studies in Honor of Christiane Marchello-Nizia (Langages). - Lyon: ENS, 2006, 364 pp.; Zeitschrift für französische Sprache und Literatur 118 (2008) 284–288.
Tobler-Lommatzsch, Dictionary of Old French. Materials left by Adolf Tobler, edited and published by Erhard Lommatzsch, continued by Hans Helmut Christmann, completed by Richard Baum, with the collaboration of Brigitte Frey, 93rd installment, First installment of Volume XII: Complete Bibliography, Wiesbaden (Franz Steiner Verlag) 2008, VII + 172 pp.; Vox Romanica 69 (2010) 308–311 [PDF file].
Alain Corbellari, Yan Greub, Marion Uhlig (eds.), Philologia ancilla litteraturae. Essays on Medieval French Philology and Literature Presented to Professor Gilles Eckard by His Colleagues and Former Students, Geneva (University of Neuchâtel/Librairie Droz), 2013, 308 pp.; Revue de Linguistique Romane 78 (2014) 239–242. [PDF file]

F. Translations

[with Pia Keßler, Birgit Röthinger] Karin Lievens, The Fifth Floor of Joy: Three Years with the Guerrillas in El Salvador [ K.L., El quinto piso de la alegría, Cologne (Ediciones Sistema Radio Venceremos) 1988], Hamburg 1989.
[with Pia Keßler, Roswitha Richter] Jacques Barrau, Drawings from a Camp. The Neckarelz Concentration Camp Satellite Camp [J.B., Dessins d’un camp. Le camp de Neckarelz, Karlsruhe (Michael Schmid Publishers) 1992], Karlsruhe 1992.

How do you cite the DEAF?

Citation in print

DEAF: ilarité DEAF I 71.31.
DEAFél
1. DEAFplus: ilarité DEAFplus, URL: https://deaf-server.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/lemme/ilarité [Date accessed].
2. DEAFpré: see DEAFpré, URL: https://deaf-server.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/lemme/vernache [Date accessed].

Citation format for electronic resources

DEAF: ilarité DEAF I 71.31.
DEAFél
1. DEAFplus with a hyperlink to the article: ilarité DEAFplus [Date accessed].
2. DEAFpré with a hyperlink to the article: see DEAFpré [date accessed].

DEAF Publication

The DEAF was published annually in issues of 192 columns each (Max Niemeyer, Tübingen / De Gruyter, Berlin). The final issue was published in 2020.

Vol. D-E, 2019–2021, founded by Kurt Baldinger, continued by Frankwalt Möhren, published under the direction of Thomas Städtler, XIII pages + 711 columns.
ISBN 978-3-11-077605-8.
Volume F, 2012–2018, founded by Kurt Baldinger, continued by Frankwalt Möhren, published under the direction of Thomas Städtler, IX + II pages + 832 columns.
ISBN 978-3-11-063875-2.
Volume G, 1974–1995, by K. Baldinger et al., XII + XLI pages + 1,724 columns. ISBN 978-3-484-50082-4.
Index G, 1997, by Martina Fietz-Beck, IX + 237 pages. ISBN 978-3-484-50164-2.
Volume H, 1997–2000, edited by Frankwalt Möhren, 12 pages + 819 columns. ISBN 978-3-484-50600-8.
Index H, 2000, by Sabine Tittel, VII + 136 pages. ISBN 978-3-484-50605-9.
Volume I, 2001–2003, edited by Frankwalt Möhren, 14 pages + 604 columns. ISBN 978-3-484-50606-7.
Vol. J–K, 2004–2008, by F. Möhren, Th. Städtler, S. Dörr, S. Tittel, 814 + 138 columns + XI pages. ISBN 978-3-484-50613-8.
Index I–J–K, 2010, by Sabine Tittel. ISBN 978-3-484-50617-6.

For the bibliography, see here.

The electronic version: DEAFBiblél

The electronic version of the bibliography (DEAFBiblél), which reflects the current state of the project and is regularly updated, has become a research tool in its own right alongside the dictionary.

Its notation system is used by dictionary editors, academic journals, and specialized publications. It currently receives approximately 1,300 visitors per month, who submit over 3,000 search queries. An agreement with the publisher ensures free access to DEAFBiblEl. In return, we would appreciate it if scholars using this research tool would share their corrections and observations with us. Similarly, the inclusion of bibliographic data from our Complément bibliographique in the annotated bibliographies of other dictionaries requires adherence to scholarly standards (see the Heidelberg Declaration).

As of now (June 2018), DEAFBiblEl includes:

6966 Sigel;
2,860 titles;
1,088 medieval authors;
2,825 dates;
1,807 localizations;
10,279 manuscripts;
6066 Publishers and researchers;
Locations of manuscripts:
- 428 images;
- 531 x agn.;
- 42 wall panels;
- 39 times in the town;
- 75 x lorry;
- 60-time champion;
- etc.;
- In addition: 49 manuscripts in Hebrew script.
5605 Cross-references to dictionaries and bibliographies:
- 2067 x TL;
- 843 x FEW;
- 372 x AND;
- 63 x LevyTrés;
- 464 x Dean;
- 732 x Boss;
- 451 x Boss2;
- 238 x Hol;
- 75 times;
- 56 social studies classes;
- 43 x WoC;
- 167 x Vising;
- 38 stones;
- 8 episodes of Transmédie.

The information on the individual sigla is largely complete, but will continue to be improved. Sigla entries that are still incomplete (marked with the symbol ÷) will be completed gradually. The printed indices “Chronology,” “Scriptae,” and “Textes en prose” are not available here.

However, the search functions in DEAFBiblEl offer more extensive search options. The search engine recognizes both complete entries—such as “BN fr. 368”—and partial information, such as a simple manuscript number: if you search for “368” in the Manuscripts search field, the search engine will find BN fr. 368, Ars. 3684, BN fr. 24368, BN nfr. 6368, BN nfr. 23686, and also Ars. 2247 [1368] (!), etc.; a search for ‘pic.’ in the Manuscripts field yields, for example, BN fr. 25566 [pic. (Arras) prob. 1295], BN fr. 2039 [pic./wall. 2nd half of the 14th century], Bern 113 [bourg., qqs. traits pic., late 13th century], BN fr. 60 [pic., late 14th century], as well as BN fr. Coll. de Picardie 159.

This advantage also has a downside: if the item being searched for is not contained within XML-marked-up information, the search will return no results. A flexible approach on the part of the user is beneficial here.

This bibliography naturally lists published texts. However, it also includes references to unpublished or only partially published texts. These references can be viewed by entering “inédit” in the “Editor/Researcher” field of the search engine. The list generated in this way, however, in no way corresponds to a directory of desiderata in this field (cf. T. Matsumura, Actes Hiroshima Voc 118f.).

Unpublished works mentioned:

AlexisPr3, AmAmPr2, AmDieuK, AmphYpL, AnsCartPr, Apol1, AspremLan, AspremMazM, AuberiB, BalJosPr3, BelleHelPr2, Bersuire, BersuireP, BibleAgn, BiblePar, BibleSeptEtatsM, BrutNobleC, BrutNobleL, ChevErrW, ChirRog3M, ChirRog4, ChirRog5, ChronBaud1K, ChronRoisAnG, ChronSaintProf, ChronSaintProf, CommPsIB, CommPsIC, CommPsII, CompSGen, ConsBoèceBon, ConsBoècePierreT, ConsBoèceRenAbr, Corb, CoutChartreux, CoutNormGr, CptChâtArt, CroisBaudriM, CroisSpaldM, DialGregTrav, Digeste, DistinctCharlH, EchecsAmPrK, EchecsBakC, EchecsBernS, EchecsNicA, EdConfPr1M, EdConfPr2, EpSBernDil, EvNicPrLA, FaucMedL, GlEvr3, GuiChaul, GuillSat, HistAnc2RB, HistCharlPh, InstJustRich, JBelethLégDor, JostPletR, JParoy, JVignayMir, LapidMand2, LégDorAn1, LégDorAn2AgnèsD, LégDorAn4AlexiusK, LégDorAn5MargO, LégDorBelMargO, LégDorVignD, LégJMailly, LHorn, LionBourgOctF, LunaireSal2Z, LunaireSal3, LunaireSalRen, MaccabPr2M, MarNDR, MédBerne, MirBonnes, MisereOmme, MPolPip, OgDanAl2, PCrapCurB, PCresc, PeliarmB, PParPs, ProphSeb, PsHex, PsLong, PurgSPatrCott, RegDijon2, RenContr1R, RenMontPr1, RenMontPr2, RobGrethEv, SDenisPr6, SecrSecrPr1, SecrSecrPr2H, SecrSecrPr5, SecrSecrPr8, SecrSecrPr9, SecrSecrPr10, SenLucilE, SenLucilLib, SeptPechVesp, Serm, SFrançPr1, SGenDér, SGenPr2, SGenPr3, SJérEp53R, SJérPréf, SMadDéc, SMadPr2, SMadPr3, SMadPr4, SMadPr5, SMadPr6, SMarieJésus, SongeAch1B, TancredOrd, TroieJofr, TroiePr1C, TroiePr2, TroiePr3, TroiePr6, TroiePr7, TroiePr8, TroisEnM, TroisMariesAnne, TroisMariesJean, VégèceRichT, VisTondArs.

Technical support: Sabine Tittel and Marcus Husar.

Publications on Digital DEAF

Sabine Tittel, “Dynamic Access to a Static Dictionary: A Lexicographical ‘Cathedral’ Lives to See the Twenty-First Century – The Dictionnaire étymologique de l’ancien français,” in: Granger, Sylviane / Paquot, Magali (eds.), "eLexicography in the 21st Century: New Challenges, New Applications", Proceedings of eLex 2009, Louvain-la-Neuve, October 22–24, 2009, Cahiers du Cental 7 (2010) 295–302.

Sabine Tittel, “The ‘Electronic DEAF’—A Future for Lexicography, ” in: Revue de Linguistique Romane, 74 (2010), 301–311.

Sabine Tittel, Christian Chiarcos, " Historical Lexicography of Old French and Linked Open Data: Transforming the resources of the Dictionnaire étymologique de l'ancien français with OntoLex-Lemon," in: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018). GLOBALEX Workshop (GLOBALEX-2018), May 7–12, 2018, Miyazaki, Japan, Paris (European Language Resources Association (ELRA)) 2018, pp. 58–66.

Sabine Tittel, Historical Corpus and Historical Dictionary: Merging Two Ongoing Projects on Old French by Integrating Their Editing Systems, in: Jaka Čibej, Vojko Gorjanc, Iztok Kosem, Simon Krek (eds.), Proceedings of the XVIIIth EURALEX International Congress: Lexicography in Global Contexts, July 17–21, Ljubljana, Slovenia], Ljubljana (Ljubljana University Press, Faculty of Arts), 2018, pp. 453–465. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22835.12328.

Guillaume de Digulleville. The Pilgrimage of Human Life – The Pilgrimage to Heavenly Jerusalem (PelVieD)

Update:

Since the book published by the Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft Darmstadt was out of print shortly after its release, the Heidelberg University Library has now published a digital version; see https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.70826.

First edition

The glossary for the edition of Guillaume de Digulleville’s *Le Pelerinage de Vie humaine* – *The Pilgrimage to the Heavenly Jerusalem* is available here as a PDF in an expanded version; the index of personal names is available here.

DEAFél Online Publication

Online publication by DEAFBiblél

Partners of the DEAF and its staff

Knowledge Networks in Medieval Romania - ALMA, HAdW

Analysis and Computer Processing of the French Language – ATILF, Nancy

Anglo-Norman Dictionary, Aberystwyth

Dictionary of Middle French – DMF, Nancy

Linguistic Documents of the Gallo-Romance Languages, University of Zurich

Electronic Dictionary of Old Gascon – DAGél

The Values of French, King's College, London

Transfer of Literature and Learning to the NORRøn World – TrollNorr, University of Bonn

Database of Phantom Words, ATILF, Nancy

The editors of DEAF are signatories of the BERLIN APPEAL “CULTURAL HERITAGE IS THE FUTURE OF EUROPE.”
See European Cultural Heritage Summit.

Address:

Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities
Karlstraße 4
69117 Heidelberg

Email: hadw

Dictionary of the Etymology of Old French (DEAF)

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David Trotter, Romanische Forschungen 123 (2011), pp. 287–290 [288–289]:

Ralph Dutli, Literary Echo:

Gilles Roques, “Typology of Glossaries in Editions of Medieval French Texts,” Doctoral Seminar No. 1: Languages and Glossaries, Liège, May 17, 2010 (Eurolab: Dynamics of Vernacular Languages in Renaissance Europe. Actors and Places), pp. 6–7. Available online at eurolab.meshs.fr):

Giovanni Palumbo, *Medioevo Romanzo* 33 (2009), p. 230:

David Trotter, Romanische Forschungen 121 (2009), pp. 550–552:

Gilles Roques, “Lexicographical Tools and Lexical Materials in the Field of Medieval French,” in: Maria Colombo and Monica Barsi (eds.), Historical Lexicography and Lexicology of French: Assessments and Perspectives, Monza (Polimetrica) 2008, pp. 25–50 [30]:

Philippe Ménard, Journal of Romance Philology 123 (2007), pp. 361–354 [364]:

Robert Martin, *Romania 123* (2005), pp. 236–238:

Philippe Ménard, Journal of Romance Philology 120 (2004), pp. 544–547:

David Trotter, *A Companion to Ancrene Wisse* (2003), p. 89:

Gilles Roques, *Revue de Linguistique romane* 65 (2001), p. 272:

David Trotter, French Studies 55 (2001), pp. 582–83 [582]:

Remo Bracchi, *Salesianum* 63 (2001), pp. 419–20:

Takeshi Matsumura, *Language, Information, Text* 7 (2000), pp. 89–94 [94]:

Takeshi Matsumura, Revue de Linguistique romane 62 (1998), pp. 265 ff.:

Franz Lebsanft, *Revue de Linguistique romane* 62 (1998), pp. 262 ff.:

May Plouzeau, Revue des Langues romanes 101 (1997), pp. 237 ff.:

Jean-Pierre Chambon, Journal of Romance Philology 107 (1991), pp. 179–181 [181]:

Jean-Pierre Chambon, Journal of Romance Philology 105 (1989), pp. 532–535 [533]:

Johannes Kramer, Journal of French Language and Literature 99 (1989), pp. 291–293 [293]:

Hans Dieter Bork, Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 87 (1975), pp. 102–109 [106]:

Max Pfister, Journal of Romance Philology 91 (1975), pp. 176–188 [187–188]:

Honor for Frankwalt Möhren

Heidelberg Lexicographical Months

Presentation for the Glossary of the Patois of French-speaking Switzerland

Presentation for the workshop organized by the Union of German Academies of Sciences and Humanities

Presentation at the Euralex 2018 Conference

Lecture as part of the European Master of Lexicography (EMLex) 2018

Workshop on RomaniO

Blog post for The Value of Old French Project

Workshop "Research Data in the Humanities: Methods for Digital Collection, Processing, and Presentation" organized by the eHumanities Working Group of the Union of German Academies of Sciences and Humanities, October 18–20, 2017

Workshop “Reuse and Reusability of Research in the Academies Program,” November 9–11, 2016

Summer School in Klagenfurt, September 11–16, 2016

28th International Congress of Romance Linguistics and Philology

Medieval Day 2016 Heidelberg, June 25, 2016

Academic collaboration with the project "The Values of French Literature and Language in the European Middle Ages" (ERC Advanced Grant at King's College London)

Heidelberg Children's University, February 27, 2016

Workshop organized by the “Electronic Publishing” Working Group of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities the Union of German Academies of Sciences and Humanities

International Colloquium

Medieval Day 2015 Heidelberg, June 27, 2015

Closing Session of the COST Action "Medieval Europe" in Florence, March 16–17, 2015

Heidelberg Children's University, February 7, 2015

COST Action IS1005 - “Medieval Europe: Medieval Cultures and Technological Resources”

Medieval Europe: Medieval Cultures and Technological Resources

International Colloquium in Nancy: “Electronic Editions, Corpus Studies, and Textual Databases in Medieval Studies,” January 16–17, 2015

Summer School in Klagenfurt, September 14–19, 2014

“Lexicographical Workshop” in Rostock

“27th Congress of Romance Linguistics and Philology,” Nancy, July 15–20, 2013

Thomas Städtler has been appointed adjunct professor

International Conference "Transcrire et/ou traduire" at the University of Klagenfurt

Commemorative Volume for Prof. Dr. Frankwalt Möhren

Romanic Texts of the Middle Ages (RTM)

Guillaume de Digulleville. *Le Pelerinage de Vie humaine* – *The Pilgrimage to Heavenly Jerusalem*

Medieval Day on July 8, 2011

Introduction to the new computer-based editorial system:

An Approach to Europe's Cultural Memory:

Honoré Chavée Prize:

Kids' University:

Conference:

Seminar:

Medieval Studies Colloquium at the Department of Romance Languages

Dr. Stephen Dörr

Calendar

Winter Semester 2009–2010

Summer Semester 2007

Winter Semester 2006–2007

Summer Semester 2006

Winter Semester 2005–2006

Summer Semester 2005

Giovanni Palumbo, Medioevo Romanzo 33 (2009), p. 230:

Robert Martin, Romania 123 (2005), pp. 236–238:

David Trotter, A Companion to Ancrene Wisse (2003), p. 89:

Gilles Roques, Revue de Linguistique romane 65 (2001), p. 272:

Remo Bracchi, Salesianum 63 (2001), pp. 419–20:

Takeshi Matsumura, Language, Information, Text 7 (2000), pp. 89–94 [94]:

Franz Lebsanft, Revue de Linguistique romane 62 (1998), pp. 262 ff.:

Guillaume de Digulleville. Le Pelerinage de Vie humaine – The Pilgrimage to Heavenly Jerusalem